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Resumen Objetivo. Investigar la correlación entre las citocinas proinflamatorias o antiinflamatorias y los dos principales filos de la microbiota intestinal en niños obesos. Material y métodos. Se obtuvieron mediciones antropométricas de 890 niños de 6 a 14 años; posteriormente se clasificaron en normopeso y sobrepeso/obeso. Las concentraciones sé-ricas fueron medidas por el método de ELISA. La abundancia relativa de la microbiota intestinal en heces se evaluó por PCR tiempo real. Resultados. Los parámetros bioquímicos y antropométricos fueron estadísticamente más altos en niños con sobrepeso / obesidad que en niños delgados. Se encontraron niveles más altos de FNT-α en niños obesos que también tenían una abundancia relativa alta de Firmicutes. Conclusiones. Los niños obesos tienen una alta abundancia relativa de Firmicutes, la cual se correlaciona con un incremento de los niveles de FNT-α. Este es el primer estudio que evalúa la reacción entre la abundancia de Firmicutes y la concentración sérica de FNT-α en niños obesos.

BackgroundThe association between proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and gastric diseases related to Helicobacter pylori varies by population and geographic area.Our objective was to determine if the IL-1B -511 T>C and -31 C>T polymorphisms and H. pylori vacA genotypes are associated with risk of chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer in a Mexican population.MethodsWe conducted endoscopic studies in 128 patients with symptoms of dyspepsia. We took two biopsies from the body, antrum, or ulcer edge from each patient, and classified our histopathological findings according to the Sydney System. H. pylori infection and vacA genotyping were accomplished via PCR from total DNA of the gastric biopsies. We confirmed the presence of anti-H. pylori serum IgG and IgM in 102 control subjects. In both case subjects and control subjects, the IL-1B -511 T>C polymorphism was genotyped by PCR-RFLPs and the IL-1B -31 C>T polymorphism was genotyped by pyrosequencing.ResultsSixty-two point seven (62.7%) of the 102 control subjects were H. pylori-seropositive. Among the case subjects, 100 were diagnosed with chronic gastritis and 28 with gastric ulcer. We found that 77% of the patients with chronic gastritis and 85.7% of the patients with gastric ulcer were H. pylori-positive. The predominant H. pylori genotype was vacA s1m1 (58.4%) and the most frequent subtype was vacA s1. The -511 TC, (rs16944 -511 T>C) genotype and the -511C allele were associated with chronic gastritis (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.4-6.8 and OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.4-6.0, respectively). The subjects carrying -31T (rs1143627 -31 C>T) were found to be at a higher risk of having chronic gastritis (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.3-5.8). The IL-1B -511C/-31T haplotype was associated with chronic gastritis (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.2-3.8) but not with gastric ulcer.ConclusionsThe H. pylori vacA genotypes identified herein were similar to those reported for other regions of Mexico. The vacA s1m1 genotype was not associated with gastric ulcer. In the southern Mexican population, the IL-1B -511C and -31T alleles and the -511C/-31T and -511T/-31T haplotypes are associated with increased risk of chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer.

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