Hypokalemic paralysis is a cause of acute paralysis that can be classified as primary (familial) or secondary according to its etiology. Routine electrodiagnostic examinations can be normal between attacks, potentially interfering with the diagnosis. We report two cases of hypokalemic paralysis with different etiologies. The first case involved secondary hypokalemic paralysis due to pharmacologic potassium shift, which was diagnosed by an electrodiagnostic study within the symptomatic period. The second case provides information on the diagnostic approach to primary hypokalemic periodic paralysis during the inter-attack period, as the diagnosis was made using the long exercise test. This case report highlights the need for a proper combination of routine electrodiagnostic studies and special techniques, such as the long exercise test, in patients suspected of hypokalemic paralysis to evaluate the disease state and exclude other possible causes of paralysis.

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We aimed to investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis and low lean mass, either together or in isolation, and their association with physical function, pain, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA).This retrospective cross-sectional observational study included 578 patients (77 males and 501 females) diagnosed with end-stage knee OA. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on body composition parameters: control, osteoporosis, low lean mass, and osteoporosis + low lean mass. All participants underwent performance-based physical function tests, including a stair climbing test (SCT), a 6-minute walk test, a timed up and go test, and instrumental gait analysis, to examine spatiotemporal parameters. Self-reported physical function and pain levels were measured using the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and visual analog scale, respectively. Self-reported QOL was measured using the EuroQOL 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire.Of 578 patients, 268 (46.4%) were included in the control group, 148 (25.6%) in the osteoporosis group, 106 (18.3%) in the low lean mass group, and 56 (9.7%) in the osteoporosis + low lean mass group. Analysis of variance revealed that the scores for the osteoporosis + low lean mass group in the SCT-ascent, SCT-descent, and timed up and go test were significantly higher, whereas those for the 6-minute walk test, gait speed, and cadence were significantly lower than those for the other groups (P < .05). After adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index, multiple linear regression analysis identified SCT-ascent (β = 0.140, P = .001, R 2 = 0.126), SCT-descent (β = 0.182, P < .001, R 2 = 0.124), gait speed (β = -0.116, P = .005, R 2 = 0.079), and cadence (β = -0.093, P = .026, R 2 = 0.031) as being significantly associated with osteoporosis + low lean mass.Thus, osteoporosis + low lean mass correlates with poor physical function, but not pain and QOL, in patients with end-stage knee OA.