Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcome and prognostic factors according to the degree of obstruction after silicone tube intubation in patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO).Methods: From March 2016 to July 2020, the medical records of 145 eyes of 107 patients with NLDO who underwent silicone tube intubation and had been followed for more than 6 months were analyzed retrospectively. The preoperative lacrimal irrigation and degree of obstruction were classified into three groups, and the surgery outcome was also evaluated. Successful surgery was defined as a case in which the epiphora improved, the height of the tear meniscus decreased, and there was no reflux in the postoperative lacrimal irrigation. Risk factors for recurrence were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Results: Surgery was successful in 99 eyes (68.3%), while recurrence occurred in 46 eyes (31.7%) after silicone tube removal. The average follow-up period was 23.09 months. The recurrence rate was 30.4%, 29.3%, and 50.0% for functional, partial, and total NLDO, respectively, and did not differ significantly (p = 0.300). The risk of recurrence was higher at older age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.079, p < 0.001) and with a history of facial palsy (aHR = 4.031, p = 0.019), and was lower in the functional NLDO group than in the total NLDO group (aHR = 0.368, p = 0.040). In the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the total NLDO group differed significantly from the functional NLDO group (log-rank, p = 0.011).Conclusions: Age, a history of facial palsy, and the degree of preoperative obstruction were associated with the prediction of recurrence after silicone tube intubation in patients with NLDO.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical and pathological classification of eyelid and conjunctival tumors in Korean patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 284 patients with eyelid skin tumors and 158 with conjunctival tumors between January 2011 and June 2020. Demographic, clinical, and histopathological data were analyzed. Results: In total, 260 (91.5%) and 24 (8.5%) patients had benign and premalignant/malignant eyelid tumors, respectively. The mean age was 54.7 ± 20.1 and 72.0 ± 13.5 years, respectively and the most common benign and malignant tumors were intradermal nevus (21.5%) and basal cell carcinoma (4.2%), respectively. The second most common malignant tumor was sebaceous gland carcinoma (1.4%). The conjunctival tumors included 133 (84.2%) benign tumors and 25 (15.8%) premalignant/malignant tumors, in patients with an average age of 47.9 ± 22.2 and 60.7 ± 18.3 years, respectively. The most common benign and malignant conjunctival tumors were subepithelial nevus (13.3%) and lymphoma (10.1%), respectively. The patients with premalignant/malignant eyelid tumors were significantly older than those with premalignant/malignant conjunctival tumors (p = 0.01). Conclusions:The incidence of sebaceous gland carcinoma was higher in our study than in Western ones, which showed similar results to other East Asian studies. The most common conjunctival malignant tumor was lymphoma in our study and malignant melanoma in Western studies. It is necessary to consider the possibility of lymphoma when the tumor is in the palpebral conjunctiva, where mucosal lymphoid tissue is abundant. This study provides useful data on the incidence and characteristics of eyelid and conjunctival tumors in Korean patients. Further investigations in larger patient populations are required to better understand the epidemiology of eyelid and conjunctival tumors.