There are many causative diseases to produced portal vein thrombosis (PVT) with the most common being liver cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. Visualization of abnormalities associated with PVT is crucial to diagnosis and appropriate intervention. Dynamic contrast enhanced CT is the best means of diagnosis of PVT and evaluation of various causative diseases. The findings of PVT of the dynamic CT are filling defect partially or totally occluding the vessel lumen and rim enhancement of the vessel wall. Signs and symptoms of PVT may be subtle or nonspecific and overshadowed by the underlying illness. Radiologists should be aware of the clinical situations that predispose a patient to portal or mesenteric vein thrombosis.

Objective: To describe and analyze the surgical outcomes of transcanal endoscopic resection of the stapedial tendon (ST) and tensor tympani tendon (TT) in the management of middle ear myoclonus (MEM). Study Design: A retrospective case series. Setting: Tertiary academic center. Patients: Seven consecutive patients (seven ears) with tinnitus were diagnosed with MEM. Intervention: Transcanal endoscopic resection of both the ST and TT using either microinstruments or a laser. Main Outcome Measures: The symptom of tinnitus, based on visual analog scale and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores, was analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively for each patient. The intraoperative findings and postoperative complications were also evaluated.Results: Amelioration of objective tinnitus with significant improvement in visual analog scale and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores was noted in all seven patients. The ST and TT were easily identified in the same endoscopic field, with minimal or no removal of the scutum. There was no need to perform an anterior tympanotomy to expose the TT. Resection of both the ST and TT and creating a gap between the cut edges were achieved by using either microinstruments or a laser under an endoscopic field. Conversion to or conjunction with the microscopic approach was unnecessary for any of the seven patients. No hearing loss or hyperacusis occurred postoperatively. Conclusions: Transcanal endoscopic resection of the ST and TT successfully ameliorated the symptom of tinnitus in patients with MEM. A transcanal endoscopic approach provides an alternative method to manage MEM, providing excellent visualization and minimal invasiveness.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether bilateral congenital ossicular anomalies (COAs) differ regarding ossicular anomalies and hearing loss severities between the ears of the individual.Study DesignRetrospective case review.SettingTertiary referral academic center.MethodsBetween March 2012 and December 2022, 7 consecutive patients (14 ears) with surgically confirmed bilateral COAs were included in the study. Preoperative pure‐tone thresholds, COA classification according to the Teunissen and Cremers system, surgical procedures, and postoperative audiometric results were compared between the 2 ears of each patient.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 11.5 (range: 6‐25) years. Both ears of each patient were categorized based on the same classification. Three patients possessed class III COAs and the other 4 had class I COAs. The interaural differences in preoperative bone and air conduction thresholds were within 15 dB for all patients. Differences in postoperative air‐bone gaps between ears were not statistically significant. The surgical procedures required for ossicular reconstruction were almost identical for both ears.ConclusionThe severity of ossicular abnormalities and hearing loss in patients with bilateral COAs were symmetrical between ears, thereby enabling prediction of the characteristics of the contralateral ear based on the findings observed in 1 ear. These symmetric clinical features can aid surgeons when operating on the contralateral ear.