Quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to the grain iron and zinc contents of brown rice were mapped by using a doubled haploid population derived from an intra-japonica cross between 'Hwaseonchal' and 'Goami 2'. QTL-QTL, background-QTL, and backgroundbackground interactions and candidate genes that affect grain iron and zinc contents were preliminarily identified. Twenty-one iron-and zinc-related QTL were found. The major-effect QTL qFe7 and qZn7 provided the highest contribution to phenotypic variance for grain iron and zinc contents. The colocation of zinc-and iron-related QTL on chromosomes 1, 4, 7 and 11 may account for the strong correlation between iron and zinc contents. A region on chromosome 7 and epistatic interaction between loci on chromosomes 2 and 10 affected iron content. qZn7 and qZn11.3 exerted additive effects on zinc content. Eleven iron-and zinc-related candidate genes colocated with qFe7, qZn7 and the region on chromosome 7 with an additive effect on iron content.The major-effect QTL identified here may be useful for breeding biofortified rice. K E Y W O R D Scandidate gene, doubled haploid, iron, japonica rice, quantitative trait loci, zinc | 345 JEONG Et al.

The 'Hangaru' is a rice variety derived from a cross between 'Seolgaeng', which is suitable for making rice wine, and 'Daeripbyeo1', which has a heavy grain weight (34.8g) and is suitable for deep fried rice, by the rice breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, in 2017. The heading date of 'Hangaru' was August 18 and was 10 days later than check variety, 'Hwaseong', in Suwon. It had a culm length of 79 cm and 102 spikelets per panicle, and showed similar tolerance to 'Hwaseong' when exposed to cold stress. 'Hangaru' showed medium resistance to blast disease, but susceptibility to bacterial blight, viruses and brown planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibited an opaque and non-glutinous endosperm. The 1,000 grain weight of brown rice was 32.9 g, which was 10.8 g heavier than that of 'Hwaseong'; the protein content was 7.0% and the amylose content (19.2%) was similar to that of 'Hwaseong'. The milled rice recovery rate was lower than that of 'Hwaseong'. However, opaque grain percentage of milled rice was 88.1%. The hardness of the rice grain was soft and the starch granule shape in the endosperm was round, similar to wheat. The average size of rice flour was 71.0 µm and the damaged starch rate was 6.4%. These results showed that this variety could be suitable for dry milling rice flour production. 'Hangaru' had a yield of 5.42 MT/ha of milled rice productivity in ordinary cultivation, which was 99% of that of 'Hwaseong'. 'Hangaru' was adaptable to the middle plain area and Mid-west coast of Korea (Registration No. 7270). This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 서 언 최근 서구화된 식생활 변화 및 간편식을 선호하는 소비 양상의 변화로 쌀 소비량은 지속적인 감소를 보여 2018년 연간 1인당 쌀소비량은 61.0 kg이었고(KOSTAT 2019), 연말 재고량이 154 만톤에 달하였다. 쌀 소비량을 늘릴 수 있는 방안으로 쌀 가공산 업 활성화가 이루어져야 하는데 아직 우리나라 쌀 가공업체는 영세하고, 밀에 비해 원료곡 가격 및 제분 비용이 높으며 제분 기술 등의 기반이 취약한 상황이다. 쌀가루는 습식, 반습식 및 건식의 제분방법에 의해 제조되는데, 고운 쌀가루를 제조하면서 손상전분을 줄일 수 있는 방법이 습식제분이다(Chiang & Yeh 2002). 그러나 습식 제분은 유통기간이 짧고 제조공정이 복잡하 여 가공비용이 높은 단점이 있어(Yeh 2004) 최근 개발된 기류식 제분기를 사용한 건식 제분 방법이 대안으로 검토되고 있다. 본 논문은 배유가 밀과 같은 형태의 연질이면서 전분구조가 둥근 형태를 가지고 있고, 건식쌀가루 품질이 우수한 건식제분 전용 신품종 '한가루'를 개발하였기에 품종의 육성 경위 및 주요 특성을 보고하고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 재배방법 및 농업특성 조사 본 시험은 '수원594호'를 2015~2016년 2년간 보통기에 중부 평야지 5개 지역과 호남평야지 1개 지역에서 '화성'을 대비품종

Anmi' is a new BPH (Brown planthopper) resistant japonica rice cultivar possessing the Bph18 gene derived from wild rice, Oryza australiensis and high yield potential with good grain quality. 'Anmi' was derived from a cross 'Junam' and 'IR65482-7-216-1-2' by a molecular marker assisted backcross breeding. The introgression line 'IR65482-7-216-1-2', the source of the Bph18 gene, was used as the donor parent for BPH resistance and 'Junam', a BPH-susceptible elite japonica cultivar with good grain quality, was used as the recurrent parent. 'Anmi' was developed by three times backcross the F1 plants with 'Junam'. The heading date of 'Anmi' is August 15 in central plain area, which is 5 days later than that of 'Hwaseong'. It has 77 cm in culm length, 21 cm in panicle length. The number of spikelets per panicle is more than that of 'Hwaseong' and 1,000 grain-weight of brown rice is 22.1 g which is less than 22.7 g of 'Hwaseong'. Milled rice kernel of 'Anmi' is clear in appearance, low in amylase content and excellent in palatability of cooked rice. 'Anmi' shows resistance to BPH, leaf blast disease, bacterial blight, rice stripe disease but susceptible to other virus disease and insect pest. The milled rice yield performance of 'Anmi' is about 5.76 MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. This cultivar is adaptable to central plain area of Korea.

Rice research in Korea during the past 100 years has gone through tremendous changes and improvements as the country underwent a turbulent history of transformation. Full-scale R&D modernization began in the 1970s, when the government focused policy on achieving self-sufficiency in rice in order to establish the foundation for national economic growth. A major landmark was reached by the development of the rice variety "Tongil" and its cultivation technology, which was at the core of the unprecedented Korean "Green Revolution". Since achieving self-sufficiency in rice, the breeding goal of Korea moved from increasing yield to improving grain quality as more consumers began to seek high quality food products in the 1980s. This change led to the establishment of the high quality rice breeding platform for enhancing the global competitiveness of Korean rice to cope with the opening of domestic rice market in the 2000s. Currently, the major breeding goals in rice are developing premium quality cultivars for table rice and specialized cultivars for boosting processed food industry. To date, the National Institute of Crop Science has released a total of 300 rice cultivars, including 202 table rice and 98 specialized usage cultivars. Diverse technologies have been developed and utilized for breeding new rice cultivars to meet changing needs. In the next 100 years of rice breeding, the convergence of traditional crop improvement technologies and the new breeding technologies utilizing recent advances in biotechnology will play a crucial role in enhancing breeding efficiency.

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