Vinasses are a very harmful residue of the alcohol distillation, their discharge into soil and water can cause negative environmental impacts if the appropriate treatments do not take place. Anaerobic digestion has shown to be the best technological and economical method to treat this residue, thus bioenergy can be generated as by-product of this process. Nevertheless, the slow adaptation of the microbial consortium in inoculum (activated sludge) to the substrate (mezcal vinasses) is very important to enhance the efficiency of the biogas and methane production, as well as organic matter removal. In this work, the adaptation process of the anaerobic digestion of mezcal vinasses was carried out in a 30-day period. Inoculum (activates sludge) and vinasses were mixed initially at the ratio 7:3. The feeding steps were done every seven days replacing 30 % of the total volume with new vinasses. Biogas was quantified and qualified. Biogas production reached 217 L/kgVSvinasses generating a daily methane content between 50 and 55 % by the end of the adaptation period. The organic matter removal efficiency was almost seven times higher at the end of the adaptation, in comparison to the beginning. This suggests that a slow adaptation process enhance the organic matter removal and eventually other pollutants in vinasses. When comparing this results with the literature, biogas and methane production were similar, nevertheless the anaerobic digestion could be optimized, in order to increase the methane content in biogas and the removal rate of organic matter. Palabras clave: biogás, demanda química de oxígeno, FOS/TAC, metano RESUMEN Las vinazas son un residuo proveniente de la destilación de alcohol, su descarga en suelos y aguas puede causar impactos ambientales negativos si no se realizan los tratamientos adecuados antes de considerar su descarga. La digestión anaerobia ha demostrado ser un método con ventajas tecnológicas y económicas para tratar este residuo y generar bioenergía al mismo tiempo. Sin embargo, una lenta adaptación del consorcio microbiano contenido en el inóculo (lodo activado) al sustrato (vinazas