información del artículoHistoria del artículo: Recibido el 7 de octubre de 2014 Aceptado el 5 de febrero de 2015 On-line el 8 de abril de 2015Palabras clave: Memoria de testigos Víctimas Discapacidad intelectual Evaluación Entrevista policial r e s u m e n Las habilidades para testificar de las víctimas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) suelen ser consideradas de acuerdo con estereotipos más que con su realidad, teniendo en cuenta que se observa una gran heterogeneidad en este colectivo. Por ello es necesario un procedimiento que permita conocer específicamente las características cognitivas de cada víctima con DI con el fin último de adaptar los procedimientos policiales y judiciales a sus capacidades y evaluar adecuadamente la información que aportan en sus testimonios. Con este objetivo se desarrolló el protocolo de entrevista CAPALIST, que evalúa las capacidades cognitivas que intervendrían en la aportación de testimonio. En el presente trabajo se describe la herramienta y se aportan datos sobre su aplicación a cuatro víctimas reales de abuso sexual con DI. Los resultados muestran mínimas diferencias en los acuerdos interjueces. Se concluye que el CAPALIST podría ser de utilidad en la evaluación de las habilidades para testificar en víctimas con DI.

ResumenEl objetivo general del presente trabajo fue la realización de un estudio sobre la situación de las mujeres que ejercen la prostitución en el entorno de la Comunidad de Madrid (España) en el contexto específico de los locales de alterne y la posibilidad de que estén siendo víctimas de redes de trata de personas.. Se analizaron 180 entrevistas a mujeres que ejercían la prostitución en locales de la periferia de Madrid (España). Los resultados analizados mostraron que la mujer que se dedica a la prostitución tiene una media de 32,57 años; proceden de Latinoamérica, Europa y en menor número de África;  en su mayoría han realizado algún tipo de estudio. Un 80,5% dijo tener familia, indicando que  aproximadamente un 68% tenían entre 1 y 4 hijos. Así mismo, se procedió al análisis de las preguntas respondidas o evitadas por estas mujeres, pudiéndose concluir que éstas omiten información relevante sobre muchas de las preguntas realizadas sobre los indicadores de trata y explotación, lo que permite sospechar que pudieran estar instruidas para no facilitar información sensible, bloqueando así las posibilidades de ayuda. Todo ello, permite alertar sobre la situación de vulnerabilidad de las mujeres entrevistadas.  AbstractThe objective of the present study was to carry out a study on the situation of women practicing prostitution in the community of Madrid (Spain), within the specific context of strip clubs and the possibility of them being victims of human trafficking networks. A total of 180 interviews were conducted on women practicing prostitution in strip clubs across the periphery of Madrid. The results analyzed show that, on average, women who engage in prostitution are 32.57 years of age; from Latin America, Europe or, from Africa (less frequently); and have generally undertaken some type of study/course. Around 80.5% of these women reported having a family, indicating that approximately 68% had between 1 and 4 children. Moreover, the present study analyzed the questions answered or avoided by these women, concluding that most of them omit relevant information regarding questions about trafficking and exploitation indicators. This finding leads to the suspicion that these women could be instructed / taught not to facilitate sensitive information, thus blocking the possibilities of help. A relationship of dependence between the testimony’s credibility estimation and the possibility of being a victim of human trafficking was found. A 94.4% of women whose testimony was believed to be credible were not considered to be victims of human trafficking; 72.8% of those estimated as non-credible were considered to be victims of human trafficking. The possibility of the interviewees being victims of human trafficking, according to interviewers, depended on their social isolation, fear or concern shown throughout the interview, their lack of collaboration, and their avoidance of certain relevant issues or being susceptible. Overall, the present study alerts about the situation of vulnerability of the interviewed women.

Purpose: Interviews to obtain statements in judicial procedures need to be adapted to the witnesses’ abilities to testify. Moreover, knowing the cognitive abilities involved in testifying provides relevant criteria to assess statement credibility. As age or intelligence quotient is not enough to estimate these capabilities, an instrument to evaluate witnesses’ specific abilities to testify is needed. The present paper validates CAPALIST, a procedure that considers relevant capabilities when assessing the testimony given by children.Methods: This study analyzed, by means of an invariant measurement approach (Rasch model), four scales included in CAPALIST: language, memory, contextual information, and social thinking. In addition, gender and age differences were analyzed in 83 children [45 males and 38 females; Mage = 4.3 years, SD = 0.74, range (3.06–5.11)] from three courses in early childhood education.Results: The four scales do not severely violate the requirements of the model. The principal component analysis of the residuals indicates that the four scales are one dimensional and that the assumption of local independence was not violated. Differential item functioning of the scales associated with gender was not detected. A significant effect of the school year was obtained, with an increase in ability in successive courses. The percentage of children who presented severe misfit responses with the model was low. In addition, the number of items with a severe misfit was also low.Conclusion: An acceptable performance of CAPALIST is demonstrated for most of the scales, although items with a severe misfit must be replaced, and more difficult items have to be included in some scales of the revised version of the instrument. CAPALIST is a promising procedure to assess the abilities of children to testify in order to adapt interviews and to evaluate their statements correctly.