A new species of Palaemonella, P. rubrolineata sp. nov., is described on the basis of material collected from pocilloporid corals in Indonesia and Vanuatu. The new species is most closely related to P. orientalis, another tropical Indo-West Pacific species usually found in association with pocilloporid and acroporid corals. The new species can be distinguished from P. orientalis based on the presence of a hepatic spine, the more slender rostrum, body and longer appendages, the pleura of the fifth abdominal segment having a posteroventral tooth, the absence of distal rows of long serrate setae on the fingers of the first pereiopods, and in having the cutting edges of the second chela as well as the joints of the pereiopods dark red colored.

A new species of Palaemonella, P. sandyi sp. nov., is described on the basis of specimens collected in association with euphylliid scleractinian corals, Euphyllia glabrescens and E. cristata. Material was collected from the Maldives, Cebu in the Philippines, Semporna in Malaysia, and from Java, Bali, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, Ternate and Raja Ampat in Indonesia. The new species is similar to P. colemani and P. euphyllius, which are associated with euphylliid corals of the genus Fimbriaphyllia. The new species can be distinguished from P. colemani and P. euphyllius, as well as from the species P. philippinensis and P. smiti, which are both symbionts with plerogyrid scleractinians, on the basis of morphological characters in the rostrum and ambulatory pereiopods, colouration, and molecular data.