Determining if a segment of property is suitable for use as an aircraft is a vitally important task that is currently performed by humans. However, this task can also put our people in harms way from land mines, sniper and artillery attacks. The objective of this research is to build a soil survey manipulator that can be carried by a lightweight, portable, autonomous vehicle, sensors and controls to navigate in assault zone. The manipulators permit both surface and sub surface measurements. An original soil sampling tube was constructed with linear actuator as manipulator and standard penetrometer as sampling sensor. The controls provide local control of the robot as well as the soil sampling mechanism. GPS has been selected to perform robot global navigation. The robot was constructed and tested on the test field. The results verified the concepts of using soil sampling robot to survey runway is feasible.

Introduction Compartment syndrome is a limb threatening, and sometimes life-threatening medical condition. It usually occurs in high energy lower extremity injuries, commonly in the younger patient with classic signs and symptoms. Pain out of proportion to exam is one of the key elements in diagnosis. A high vigilance for signs and symptoms of this condition should be present on most physicians' radars who treat emergency conditions, as this case report demonstrates, the mechanism and story are not always classic. Presentation of cases Two cases of young, healthy adults who underwent fasciotomy for compartment release for compartment syndrome isolated to the anterolateral compartment, but who did not sustain a high energy trauma, but rather a twisting ankle injury. Conclusion Compartment syndrome can occur in young, healthy, active patients with a lower energy twisting injury and without fracture. A high level of suspicion on the clinicians' part will prevent adverse outcomes to the patient.

Until today, almost all objective lenses and windows of LIR imagers use crystal Germanium (Ge) as the optical material. Germanium is heavy, expensive and very sensitive to the environmental temperature change. When the temperature rises above 120°C, the lens becomes opaque. It is necessary to overcome these shortcomings.Using the analytic universal skew ray tracing formula and the automatic optical system design software developed by us, we successfully designed a 150mm/F1 objective lens using Ge and non-Ge materials for the LIR imager of the missile seeker and airborne surveillance. We also successfully designed a 25mm/F1 objective lens with large FOV of 30°x40°using only non-Ge materials for the LIR imager of the helmet mounted search and rescue system. Good image quality is obtained. The cost is less than half of the Ge lens and the high temperature resistance is much better. In order to increase the S/N ratio 4 times for the low-sensitivity UFPA, an immersed Ge lens for the UFPA is also successfully designed.Currently, most of UFPAs use high-cost Digital Signal Processing (DSP) module. The LIR imager needs at least two circuit boards. We present a design that uses low-cost Altera processor and the imager only needs one board without Thermal Electrical Cooler (TEC). Therefore, three "AA" batteries can operate the imager for more than 4 hours. By inserting data between pixels and enhance the contrast, the image from the 120x120/50µ UFPA is even better than the image from the 240x320/50µ array. This gives us an opportunity to reduce the imager cost to 2/3 of the larger format without degrading the image quality.These innovative researches give us a chance to build a small, lightweight, inexpensive, and good image quality LIR imager for homeland security and many other military and commercial applications. Two patents were pending and one was granted. Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/21/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Proc. of SPIE Vol. 4820 551 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/21/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx

Bees and other important animals are vital to human survival on the earth. They not only produce delicious honey, but also play an indispensable role in plant pollination, making a unique contribution to the world. The bee population reduction crisis is known as a global problem of sustainable development goals. To consider the factors that can influence the size of honey bee populations and how these factors can affect the size of honey bee populations, we will use the most basic evaluation model. Given the need to accurately calculate the weight of each factor, we use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. In order to analyze the results of the AHP model, we will list our variable factors, apply the AHP model and use sensitivity analysis on it. Also, to predict how many honeybees hives you will need to support pollination of an 81,000 square meters parcel of land containing crops that benefit from pollination. we consider to use Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) model, which can indicate a stationary distribution to the attendance rate of the bees after n times.

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