This study used data from the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre's national HIV database and the Thames Cancer Registry to assess the risk of cancer in HIV-infected people in southeast England. Among 26 080 HIV-infected men with 158 660 person-years follow-up, 1851 cancers, and among 7110 HIV-infected women (31 098 person-years), 171 cancers were identified. The standardised incidence ratio (SIR) for all non-AIDS-defining cancers was significantly increased in HIV-infected men (2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.6 -3.1) but was nonsignificant in HIV-infected women (1.1, 95% CI 0.8 -1.6). Most of the cancers observed were in men (n ¼ 1559) and women (n ¼ 127) with AIDS, and among them, the SIR for all non-AIDS-defining cancers was significantly increased in men (8.2, 95% CI 7.2 -9.2) and women (2.8, 95% CI 1.6 -4.6). The SIR for all non-AIDS-defining cancers was only just significantly increased in men with HIV-infection but not AIDS (1.2, 95% CI 1.0 -1.5) and was nonsignificant in such women (0.8, 95% CI 0.5 -1.2).

We reviewed 19 revision hip arthroplasties in which the new femoral component had been recemented into the old, intact cement mantle. The mean time from the first operation to revision was 64 months and the average follow-up was 59 months. There were 7 excellent, 1 1 good, and one fair result. No femoral component had been revised for loosening and all the stems appeared radiographically stable. Cornplications included intraoperative perforation of the femur on two occasions and one dislocation. The use of the cement-within-cement technique re

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weeks' gestation had raised death rates from noncardiovascular causes, reflected in higher rates from all causes combined. This was unexpected and requires confirmation by continued follow up and other studies now in progress. The babies born after term had larger head size, which was also associated with higher rates of disease other than cardiovascular disease.In conclusion, this study shows for the first time that reduced fetal growth is followed by higher death rates from cardiovascular disease in adult life. Bodily proportions at birth suggest that the growth reduction began early in gestation. We suggest that this is further evidence that cardiovascular disease originates through programming in fetal life and infancy. Matemal nutrition may be an important influence on programming.We are grateful to Mr D R Millar, consultant obstetrician; Mrs Bullas and the staff of the medical records department at the Jessop Hospital for Women who preserved the records and allowed us to use them; and to the staff at NHS central registry and OPCS who traced the men. The study was supported by a grant from the Wellcome Trust.