In allergology, skin diagnostic tests are divided into epicutaneous, cutaneous and intracutaneous. The prick test is one of the cutaneous tests used most often for the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to local anesthetics. In the case of hypersensitivity to the examined anesthetic and reaction to the histamine-containing solution (positive control), inflammation appears with an increase in the local temperature. This warming can be detected objectively with a thermal camera and can be used in the diagnostic process. This study was used to examine the capabilities of the infrared thermography application, in the prick test of both men and women, by comparing temperature changes and the intensity of allergic inflammation in the positive and negative controls in addition with a negative reaction to an allergen. A group of 115 patients-55 male (52%) and 60 female (48%), are included. All are examined for hypersensitivity to Mepivastesin, together with the positive and negative control. Skin temperature changes of the skin were examined with FLIR A320 thermal camera and the FLIR Reporter Professional software 2013-application used to process the thermal camera images and data. The statistical analysis shows a marked temperature difference between men and women. Similarities in temperature values are detected between the negative reactions to dental anesthetic and the negative control. However, the latter substantially differs from the data obtained with the positive control. Results of the research indicate the possible applications of the thermography diagnostics in evaluation of the prick test results. Keywords Immediate hypersensitivity Á Skin test Á Infrared thermography Á Skin temperature List of symbols DAr The change in temperature of the skin after performing the test with the allergen Ar 2 The post-reaction temperature of the skin after performing the test with the allergen Ar 1 The pre-reaction temperature of the skin after performing the test with the allergen DNeg The change in the temperature of the skin after performing the test with the negative control Neg 2 The post-reaction temperature of the skin after performing the test with the negative control Neg 1 The pre-reaction temperature of the skin after performing the test with the negative control DPos The change in temperature of the skin after performing the test with the positive control Pos 2 The post-reaction temperature of the skin after performing the test with the positive control Pos 1 The pre-reaction temperature of the skin after performing the test with the positive control DAr 0 The change of the temperature due to the allergic reaction

We report the case of a 23-year-old female dental medicine student with contact dermatitis on her hands caused by methacrylates. Forty-eight-hour closed patch testing showed positive reactions to Ethylenglicol dimethacrylate, 1,6 -Hexanediol diacrylate, 1,4 -Butanediol dimethacrylate, Drometrizole . These are identified as contact allergens. They can be found in the dental materials, but also in the nail polish. It is therefore easy to be exposed to methacrylate in daily life. We measured the skin reaction during the patch test, and noticed that the temperature of the affected skin changes. The highest value was registered when the patches were applied, and the lowest -one week after the treatment. Background:The allergic contact dermatitis (ACT) is the most frequent manifestation of immunotoxicity in humans. (1) The disease has a strong social and economic effect .(2) ACT is a the 4-th type reaction by the classification of Coombs and Gell. The allergic reactions that we observed in patch-tests, can be measured by the temperature changes of the affected skin.(3,4) The method we applied to measure the patch test reactions, is also applicable for measurement of the intensity of the allergic reaction of the affected skin.(5) However, some studies show that the local lymph nodes are also involved in the reaction.(6) Initially we assumed that our patient`s symptoms are connected with the acrylic products

Background: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is an inflammatory process of dental origin, localized in the maxillary cavity with all the characteristic manifestations of inflammation. The diagnosis is made on the basis of medical history, objective examination and paraclinical examinations (radiography, computed tomography, pulp vitality test). Case report:The patient is a 33-year-old man with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. In addition to the medical history and the clinical examination, paraclinical examinations are used during the diagnostic process: thermovisiography, orthopantomography, periapical radiography, pulp vitality test and computed tomography. Conclusion:Chronic periodontitis of the mediovestibular canal of tooth 26 has been identified as the etiological cause of the condition. In addition, we found resorptive changes and a foreign body; secondary caries and a lack of canal filling material in tooth canal. The algorithm we used,for the paraclinical examinations, started from the most non-invasive and continue to the more severe ones in order to maximally spare the patient's health during the diagnostic process.

The study explore some of the factors showing the biocompatibility and cellular metabolism of stem cells from apical papilla after their treatment with hapten solutions of two intracanal medicaments - Hydrocal and Acroseal. The MTT test and Annexin V test are used and the levels of HMOX-1 and IDO monitored after 48 hours of incubation in hapten solutions. In addition to proliferation and apoptosis, the possible sensitizing potential of these dental materials is assessed. The results show that after 48 hours, the groups treated with dental haptens found significantly fewer living cells than in the control group, which is especially indicative in the case of Acroseal. The proliferative activity of stem cells is increased, but without significant differences. HMOX-1 was statistically elevated in the Acroseal-treated group, indicative of its sensitizing capacity. IDO is statistically elevated in the group of cells treated with Hydrocal, which unequivocally speaks of the serious oxidative stress up to 48 hours and the need for protective action of this enzyme.

Introduction: The root canal system (RCS) is among the complex parts of the body that consists of several anatomical variations. The RCS has also been classified according to different classifications. In one of the classification systems, the RCS consists of the main canal, lateral canal, collateral canal, secondary canal, intercanal, accessory canal (AC), and recurrent canal, whereas in the other classification system, which was presented by the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) in 2020, the RCS consists of the C-shaped canal, lateral canal, furcation canal, and AC. Many researches have already been conducted on using micro-CT in describing the RCS classification in various teeth groups in the jaws. The micro-CT is a method used for the endodontic study, including the morphological study of the RCS. It is one of the non-destructive and high-resolution techniques that is beneficial in obtaining three-dimensional (3D) teeth structures. The method is similar to computed tomography and allows obtaining sections as well as 3D reconstruction of the studied object. Based on the above-mentioned findings, the authors discussed that canals are usually more long oval or ribbon-shaped at the coronal levels, then become oval or round shaped about 1 mm from the apical foramen, indicating that canal shape and number change in the apical third. Conclusion and future perspectives: The micro-CT could be a useful technology in the clinical study of canals, developmental grooves, and comparison of treatment and diagnostic strategies.