The relevance of resource conservation in recent decades increases, in connection with which it is necessary to carry out rational environmental management of the region as part of its sustainable development. In the Republic of Tuva, mining and processing plants accumulate a large amount of magnesium-containing rocks contaminated with a significant amount of impurities, and substandard overburden. The use of such technogenic raw materials for the production of building materials helps to reduce the environmental burden in the region. The most suitable rocks for further use are serpentinites. The resulting composite binders based on pre-prepared serpentinite rocks and a mineral additive - portlandcement - can be used to obtain wall materials.
Increasing water resistance and mechanical strength of hardening magnesian binders’ products can be achieved by introducing microfillings into a hardening dispersed system. It is shown that serpentine provides an increase strength and water resistance in hydration and hardening process, being as a structure-forming component, it intensifies this process. It allows expanding the raw material base for the production of magnesia binders for construction purposes.
Magnesia binders provide strength to the stone, but have one drawback-low resistance and salt resistance. Increasing water and salinity tolerance, mechanical strength of the hardening magnesia binders can be achieved by introducing the system of micro-aggregates. The quality criteria that determine the activity of the micro filler are: high chemical resistance to water, aggressive media, high mechanical strength. Among the effective microfillers composite magnesia binders include diopside, wollastonite. It is shown that the introduction of 60-80 wt%. wollastonite or diopside with a specific surface of 2000-3500 cm2/g provides significant improvement in strength and water resistance that allows you to lengthen the lifespan and maintain the required quality of products based on composite of magnesia binders.
Today, the waste of the mining industry is more than 8 billion tons. Analysis of the literature data showed that most of the man-made waste that is generated as a result of the development of mineral deposits is suitable for use in many industries, in particular, in the production of building materials. The use of technogenic raw materials allows us to solve the following tasks: Environmental aspect - reducing the number of dumps and reducing their volumes. And this, in turn, improves the ecology of regions and territories. 2. Economic aspect - reducing the cost of construction products through the use of almost free raw materials, the release of more competitive products. Of course, it is necessary to provide that part of the costs will be spent on additional processing, revision, activation, modification of this technogenic raw material component. But today we have to think about how to clear the territory of substandard “waste rock” and use it to reduce the production and consumption of natural raw materials. A similar process can create waste-free production.
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