SUMMARY Sarcomas are a broad family of mesenchymal malignancies exhibiting remarkable histologic diversity. We describe the multi-platform molecular landscape of 206 adult soft tissue sarcomas representing 6 major types. Along with novel insights into the biology of individual sarcoma types, we report three overarching findings: 1) unlike most epithelial malignancies, these sarcomas (excepting synovial sarcoma) are characterized predominantly by copy number changes, with low mutational loads and only a few genes (TP53, ATRX, RB1) highly recurrently mutated across sarcoma types, 2) within sarcoma types, genomic and regulomic diversity of driver pathways defines molecular subtypes associated with patient outcome, and 3) the immune microenvironment, inferred from DNA methylation and mRNA profiles, associates with outcome and may inform clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Overall, this large-scale analysis reveals previously unappreciated sarcoma type-specific changes in copy number, methylation, RNA, and protein, providing insights into refining sarcoma therapy and relationships to other cancer types.

Highly virulent virus SARS-CoV-2 first came public in Wuhan (China) and now spread all over the globe leading to disease of more than 14,5 mln of people and took already more than 600.000 lives. Main criteria defining severity of COVID-19 clinical course are age, respiratory failure and necessity of mechanical ventilation. According to actual published data the mortality of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation after respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonitis riches 76,4% in 18-65 age group and 97,2% in 65+ age group [1]. At this moment the main life-saving method under threat of decompensated respiratory failure is extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO, «artificial lung») meaning direct blood oxygenation bypassing inflamed lung tissue. This method is invasive, expensive and accessible only in specialized top medical centers. At the moment China, USA, Germany, France, Israel initiated clinical and scientific trials of less invasive methods of COVID-19 patients oxygen treatment in cases of complicated clinical course. One of them is hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) [2]. HBOT is well-known and recognized method of treatment of chronic non-healing wounds, diabetic wounds, complications of radiation therapy, strokes and cerebral trauma consequences, decompression disease and many others [3]. Use of HBOT in viral pneumonitis patients treatment is based on immutable physical laws and knowledge of clinical response for hyperbaric and hyperoxic environment. In this article arguments are brought to substantiate the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in SARS-CoV-2 viral pneumonitis treatment and first comparative experience of salutary clinical use of HBOT in China in treatment of severe respiratory complicated cases of new coronavirus infection COVID-19.

No abstract