<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 5.65pt 6pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">This </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">research</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> aim</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> to analyze underlying factors affecting child malnutrition at Timor Tengah Utara district, NTT. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> design was a cross-sectional study. Sample of this study was household that have underfive years old children residing in the areas of Plan International. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire, focus group discussion and in-depth interview. Nutritional status was measured using anthropometric measurement with weight and height indicators and child consumption was recorded using 24 hours food’s recall. Result showed that in three villages prevalence of malnourished children was high, which were 6</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">0% classified as severe underweight, 15</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">3% severe stunting and 0</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">7% severe wasting. There was no significant difference in term of nutritional status. Child malnutrition was influenced by low access to nutrition and health information</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">,</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> low nutrition knowledge and practices</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">,</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> and low family income</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en" xml:lang="en">.</span></p>

No abstract

<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> </span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between milk and calcium intake with body height and bone density of adolescent. The study applied a cross sectional design to 246 senior high school students in Bogor. The subject aged 16-17 years old were selected purposively. Milk and calsium intake was derived from the food intake data collected by applying a semi-FFQ method for a week. Bone density (stiffness index) was measured by densitometer of achilles insight. The results of the study showed that the mean intake of milk was 170.7±136.3 ml/day with average frequency 6 times/week, and mean intake of calcium was 250.0±212.6 mg/day with contribution of milk was 44.0%. The mean stiffness index of subjects was 97.5±18.3; and the mean stiffness index of boys (104.4±18.9) </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s significantly higher than girls (92.9±16.3). The calcium intake of milk and calcium intake of calsium-rich foods of non milk </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s not correlated with the bone density and body height; but milk intake,  frequency and  length of milk intake </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">were</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> correlated with body height and bone density. This implies the important of milk intake in bone density and  linear growth of adolescent.</span></p>

Susu kerbau merupakan salah satu sumber bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang berpotensi sebagai kultur untuk starter maupun probiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi BAL asal susu kerbau sungai Sumatera Utara, serta menguji ketahanannya pada pH rendah. Bakteri asam laktat diisolasi dan ditumbuhkan pada medium De Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA). Isolasi dilakukan sampai diperoleh kultur murni. Identifikasi BAL dengan pengujian karakteristik morfologi, fisiologi dan biokimia. Karakteristik morfologi dilakukan dengan pewarnaan Gram dan melihat bentuk sel. Karakteristik fisiologi dilakukan dengan uji ketahanan pada pH 4,5 dan suhu 45 o C. Karakteristik biokimia dilakukan dengan uji produksi CO2, NH3 dan dekstran. Pengujian sifat probiotik dilakukan dengan menguji ketahanan isolat BAL pada pH rendah. Pengujian dengan kit API tes CHL 50 untuk mengetahui jenis spesies dari sepuluh BAL terpilih. Hasil identifikasi diperoleh 41 isolat BAL, yang secara umum memiliki karakterisitik Gram positif, katalase negatif, berbentuk batang dan bulat. Pengujian ketahanan BAL pada pH rendah (pH 2) menunjukkan penurunan jumlah populasi sebanyak 1,24±0,68 log cfu/ml. Isolat terbaik dari pengujian ketahanan pada pH rendah adalah isolat L12, L16, L17, L19, L20, M10, P8, S3, S19 dan S20. Hasil pengujian dengan API test CHL 50 pada sepuluh isolat terpilih tersebut menunjukkan ada empat spesies BAL dari susu kerbau sungai Sumatera Utara, yaitu Lactobacillus plantarum, L. brevis, L. pentosus dan Lactococus lactis.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 5.65pt 6pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">Recently, many foods were identified contain high antioxidant substances such as tomatoes and rice bran. The </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">objectives</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> of this research </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">were</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> to observe their total antioxidant activity values and the effect of intervention of high-antioxidant beverages (tomato juice and rice bran beverage) to total antioxidant activity on breast cyst women patient’s blood serum. Subject consumed each of the beverages for 14 days. Blood samples were taken before the intervention, at the end of tomato juice intervention period and at the end of rice bran bevera</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">g</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">e intervention period. Total antioxidant activity on serum was determined by DPPH method. The ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC) of rice bran greater than tomato juice is 28.74 mg/100g and 1.87 mg/100g respectively. The total antioxidant activity on serum was decreasing after tomato juice intervention (p&gt;0.05) but the decreasing of it was significantly shown after rice bran intervention (p&lt;0.05)</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.</span></p>