BackgroundDental age is less affected than the bone age by nutritional and hormonal factors. The assessment of dental age in children is of value in clinical and forensic practice. The aims of this study were to compare the Demirjian method and the Willems method in the assessment of dental age in children in Poland and to consider the need to standardize dental age assessment.Material/MethodsPolish children of Caucasian ethnicity (n=1,002) who were treated at a single orthodontic center between 1994–2016 included girls (n-540) and boys (n=462) aged between 4–17 years, and 1,002 panoramic radiographs were reviewed. Dental age was assessed using the Demirjian method and the Willems method, the findings of the two methods were compared with the chronological age of the study participants.ResultsFollowing statistical analysis, both the Demirjian method and the Willems method overestimated the dental age of the younger study participants, and underestimated the dental age of the older study participants. Both the Demirjian method and the Willems method had similar accuracy in estimating the chronological and dental age in the Polish population.ConclusionsIn the assessment of dental age in Polish children from panoramic radiographs, both the Demirjian method and the Willems method were accurate and should still be used as a method of choice. However, it seems reasonable to create international standards for the assessment of dentition maturity for this population to obtain a more acceptable range of error values between the dental age and chronological age.

Purpose The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the correlation between the periodontal tissue of mandibular incisors and several dentoalveolar and skeletal cephalometric parameters. Materials and methods The sample consisted of 35 patients (mean age 26.42 ± 8.02 years). Eligibility criteria included good overall health status with no history of dental trauma, congenital defects, active periodontal diseases, restorative and prosthetic treatment in the area of the mandibular incisors. Gingival recession width and height (GRW, GRH), gingival thickness (GT), width of keratinized gingiva (WKT) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were evaluated at 140 lower incisors. Incisors inclination (1-:ML), skeletal class (ANB, WITS), intermaxillary angle (NL:ML) and mandibular symphysis dimensions (symph. length and width) were assessed in cephalograms. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used for statistical analysis at the P < 0.05 level. Results A statistically significant positive moderate correlation was found for GT and WITS and also symph. length. WKT correlated positively with ANB, WITS and symph. length, with moderate strength of the correlation. GRW, GRH and CAL did not correlate with any cephalometric parameters. Conclusion The results of this study indicated evidence for an association between WKT and GT and some cephalometric variables—ANB, WITS, and symphysis length.

Szczegółowe badania ludzkiej czaszki zapoczątkowali antropolodzy i anatomowie, którzy dokonywali różnych pomiarów na starożytnych szkieletach. Pomiary wykonywane na czaszkach z użyciem punktów kostnych, nazywane kraniometrią, były przeprowadzane również wśród osób żywych. Metoda z odnajdowaniem palpacyjnym punktów kostnych przez ucisk tkanek miękkich na głowie pacjenta została nazwana cefalometrią. Wśród zdjęć cefalometrycznych można wyróżnić cefalogramy dwuwymiarowe, boczne, tylnoprzednie i osiowe oraz trójwymiarowe, które wykorzystują obrazy tomografii komputerowej i ukazują struktury twarzowej części czaszki w trzech wymiarach. Wiele badań jest poświęconych porównaniu konwencjonalnego cefalogramu uzyskanego z CBCT. Dowiedziono, że liczne punkty referencyjne są łatwiejsze do oceny w cefalogramie 2D uzyskanym z CBCT, niż w cefalogramach konwencjonalnych.

Przyczyny asymetrii mogą być wrodzone, rozwojowe lub nabyte. Klasyfikacje asymetrii są oparte na podstawie różnych kryteriów. Najprostszy podział zależy od objętej zaburzeniem płaszczyzny: asymetrie względem płaszczyzny poprzecznej, pionowej lub strzałkowej. W diagnostyce asymetrii twarzy szczególną rolę odgrywa badanie kliniczne pacjenta oraz badania dodatkowe: zdjęcia radiologiczne 2D i 3D oraz badanie scyntygrafii kości. Cel. Celem pracy było przedstawienie etiologii, klasyfikacji i diagnostyki asymetrii twarzy u pacjentów zgłaszających się do leczenia ortodontycznego. Materiał i metody. Dokonano przeglądu piśmiennictwa z wykorzystaniem bazy PubMed z lat 1986-2019, używając słów kluczowych: asymetria twarzy, asymetria łuku zębowego, PA cefalometria, CBCT. Wybrano prace najbardziej odpowiadajace omawianemu zagadnieniu. Wyniki.

In dental practice, gingival recession is a common problem among patients. Root surface exposure predisposes to the development of caries, dentin hypersensitivity, and it deteriorates the aesthetics of the smile. The aetiology of gingival recession is multifactorial. Its formation may be affected by anatomical conditions, behavioural factors, as well as iatrogenic errors. <b>Aim.</b> To assess the correlation between selected behavioural risk factors and the presence of gingival recession of incisors and canines in the mandible. <b>Material and methods.</b> A survey and clinical examination were conducted in 35 patients of both sexes. The survey was focused on risk factors of gingival recession depending on the patient, and the clinical examination assessed the presence of gingival recession (GR), dental plaque (DP) and bleeding on probing (BoP) for 210 teeth. The correlation between the occurrence of gingival recession and DP, BoP and behavioural factors was studied. A statistical analysis was performed in Statistica 13, the Spearman’s test was used to assess the correlation with the significance level of 0.05. <b>Results.</b> Gingival recession was observed for 44 teeth (21.05%). A positive correlation was found between gingival recession and the patient's age and the tooth brushing technique (horizontal movements). Circular movements of a toothbrush while tooth brushing correlated negatively with gingival recession. <b>Conclusions.</b> Gingival recession near incisors and canines exacerbates with the patient’s age and depends on the tooth brushing technique – horizontal movements favour recession, while circular movements favour maintaining the proper level of the gingivae.