The Purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 10 weeks 40m repeated sprint training program that does not involve strength training on sprinting speed and repeated sprint speed on young elite soccer players. Twenty young well-trained elite males' soccer players aged (± SD) (16.4 ± 0.9 years), body mass (67.2 ± 9.1 kg) and stature (176.3 ± 7.4 cm) volunteered to participate in this study. All participants were tested on 40m running speed, 10x40m repeated sprint speed, 20m acceleration speed, 20m top speed, Counter movement jump (CMJ), and aerobic endurance (beep-test). Participants were divided into training group (TG) (n=10) and control group (CG) (n=10). The study took part in the pre-competition phase of the training program for the participants and ended 13 weeks before the start of the season, the period of the pre-competition period was 26 weeks.The TG followed a Periodized repeated sprint training program once a week. The training program consisted of running 40m with different intensities and duration from week to week. Within group results indicate that TG had a statistically marked improvement in their performance from pre-to post-test in 40m maximum sprint (-0.06s), 10x40m repeated sprint speed (-0.12s), 20-40m top speed (-0.05s) and CMJ (2.7cm). The CG showed only a statistically notable improvement from pre-to post-test in 10x40m repeated sprint speed (-0.06s). Between groups differences showed a statistically marked improvement for the Running Head: Repeated Sprint Training 2 TG over the CG in 10x40m repeated sprint speed (-0.07s) and 20-40m top speed (-0.05s) but the effect of the improvement was moderate. The results further indicate that a weekly training with repeated sprint gave a moderate but not statistically marked improvement in 40m sprinting, CMJ and beep-test. The results of this study indicate that the repeated sprint program had a positive effect on several of the parameters tested. However, due to the fact that the sample size in this study is 20 participants, the results are valid only for those who took part in this study. Therefore, we advice to use repeated sprint training similar to the one in this study only in periods where the players have no speed training included in their program. Furthermore, the participants in this study should probably trained strength but in this case benefits were observed even without strength training is most likely to be due to training specificity.

The aim of this study was to compare training volume and the distribution of training intensity of six of the best long-distance runners in Norway from the last decade.Three international-level long-distance runners (two males and one female) and three marathon runners (one male and two females) were included. The runners' training diaries for one of the seasons they competed in an international championship were analysed. The reported running volume (km/week) was used to estimate the distribution of training at the prescribed intensity zones in representative weeks in the preparation period and in the competition season.During the preparation period (November -February) the marathon runners ran an average of 186.6 ± 25.7 km/week and the track runners 161 ± 11 km/week. For all runners, 80 ± 5% of the weekly training distance (km/week) in this period was continuous running with a heart rate (HR) between 65-82% of maximum. The remaining 20% of total training volume (km/week) was performed at intensities near and above the anaerobic threshold (82-92% of HRmax). This was done in three to five weekly interval sessions or continuous running sessions. All athletes ran 11 -13 sessions per week. The training volume (km/week) in the pre-competition period and the competition season did not differ much from the volume in the preparation period. The track runners increased the amount of highintensity training at specific race pace in the pre-competition period (March and April), and in the track competition season (May -September).

Running speed and vertical jump 2 ABSTRACTThe purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between vertical jump measures and sprint speed over 10m, 20m, and 40m in professional basketball players. 33 professional basketball players aged (± SD) (27.4 ± 3.3 years), body mass (89.8 ± 11.1 kg) and stature (192 ± 8.2 cm) volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were randomly selected from a group (n = 64) of who have been professionals for at least two years. All participants were tested on Squat Jump (SJ), Counter-Movement Jump (CMJ), and 40m running speed. The results show that all jump measures in absolute terms were correlated significantly to running performance over 10m, 20m, and 40m sprint times. None of the jumping performance peak powers and reactive strength were found to have a correlation to running speed times in absolute term. Furthermore, all jump height measures relative to body mass except reactive strength had a marked and significant relationship with all sprint performance times. The results of this study indicate that while there is a strong and marked relationship between 10m, 20m and 40m sprint, there is also a considerable variation within the factors that contribute to performance over these distances. This may indicate that, separate training strategies could be implemented to improve running speed over these distances.

High intensity cycling training increases oxidative capacity in skeletal muscles and improves insulin sensitivity. The present study compared the effect of eight weeks of sprint interval running (SIT) and continuous running at moderate intensity (CT) on insulin sensitivity and cholesterol profile in young healthy subjects (age 25.2 ± 0.7; VO(2max) 49.3 ± 1.2 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)). SIT and CT increased maximal oxygen uptake by 5.3 ± 1.8 and 3.8 ± 1.6%, respectively (p < 0.05 for both). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed before and 60 h after the last training session. SIT, but not CT, reduced glucose area under curve and improved HOMA β-cell index (p < 0.05). Insulin area under curve did not decrease significantly in any group. SIT, but not CT, reduced LDL and total cholesterol. In conclusion, sprint interval running improves insulin sensitivity and cholesterol profile in healthy subjects, and sprint interval running may be more effective to improve insulin sensitivity than continuous running at moderate intensity.