Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been identified as a common cause of death among infants. However, in countries that introduced risk reduction and safe sleep campaigns, there has been a significant decline in SIDS-related deaths. Unfortunately, there has been little interest in SIDS by researchers in Nigeria. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the level of parental awareness and awareness of the risk reduction measures about SIDS in Nigeria and to further determine the level of practice of the measures. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted over a 6-month period from April 2016 to September 2016 in the Well Baby Clinic of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu. Four hundred and one respondents were enrolled, and interviewer-based questionnaires administered. Results were presented as percentages. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 was used for data analysis and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 49 (12.2%) of the 401 respondents claimed to have heard of SIDS, but only 5/401 (1.2%) had good or some knowledge of SIDS. Mothers with higher educational qualification were more likely to have heard of SIDS (p=0.002, ?2=12.892). There was a significant association between mother’s knowledge of SIDS and laying of infants in a back-to-bed position during sleep (p=0.000, ?2=12.610). Conclusion: Knowledge of SIDS among mothers in Enugu is poor. It is hoped that this study will generate further public discourse and awareness of this significant cause of infant mortality, to reduce preventable deaths associated with it. More efforts should be geared toward creating awareness of SIDS and its associated risk factors through electronic media, social media, and health talks in developing countries.