This work gives an overview on bioplastics, focusing on their synthesis from biomass sources. It equally deals with different classes of bioplastics and their possible sources. The background challenge it proffers solution to is that of conventional plastics of petroleum origin, widely in use which has become undesirable due to their non-biodegradable nature and the attendant environmental problems which negate their otherwise great usefulness. This research attempts to also emphasize the incidence of polymer components in biomass and the biochemical approaches of synthesizing these polymers into bioplastics. Finally, it introduced different biopolymers currently researched. With more innovations in biopolymer technology, it is hoped that bioplastic will be of more usefulness in the near future.

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Proteins are the basis of cellular and physiological functioning in living organisms, and the physical and chemical properties of proteins dictate their activities and functions. The primary sequence of a protein is a main determinant of protein folding and final conformation as well as biochemical activity, stability, and half-life. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are biochemical alterations of amino acids that extend the functional repertoire of proteins. PTMs regulate structural confirmations of proteins, protein-protein interactions and cellular signal transduction central in development. Alterations in the rate and extent of protein synthesis, accuracy, PTMs, and protein turnover are among the major molecular characteristics of some diseases. In this review, the incidence of PTMs disruption on certain disorders was evaluated.