during summer season 2011 and winter season2011/ 2012 to evaluate the effect of some soil management practices i.e., mole drain filled back with sand at two diameter 7.5 cm and 10 cm under three distances 4, 6 and 8 m individually or combined with some soil amendments application;) gypsum, sand and aluminum sulfate( on improving some physical and chemical soil properties. Also, use of the continuous leaching processes for salt removal after each rotation of leachate 25, 75, 125 and 275 days. The soil samples were taken to determine EC, pH and ESP as well as at the end of experiment. Also, the hydraulic conductivity, bulk density and total porosity were determined. The results indicated that the construction of mole drain filled back with sand individually after four rotations of leachate processes led to significant decrease in the values of EC, pH and ESP compared with the initial values. These decreases were more effective with application of soil amendments i.e. (gypsum, sand and aluminum sulfate) combined with the mole drain compared with the empty mole drain . It was observed that at the end of the experiment after four rotations leachate processes, the mole drain at different spacing which filled back with sand combined with soil amendments application significantly decrease the values of bulk density and increase the values of hydraulic conductivity and total porosity compared with the initial values. The superiority in improving physical properties (hydraulic conductivity, bulk density and porosity of the studied soil was recorded with mole drain filled back with sand combined with the soil amendment as aluminum sulfate or gypsum compared with sand after fourth rotations of leachate.

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Two winter Fahl berseem field experiments were conducted in two newly reclaimed soils, at Ismailia and New valley Agricultural Research stations during (2009/10 and 2010/11) seasons.This was to study the effect of planting methods and seeding rates on improving some chemical , physical and biological soil properties, as well as its productivity. The treatments comprised (1) Three planting methods i.e., broadcast, 20 and 30 cm distance between rows . (2)Applied three seeding rates, i.e., 20, 25 and 30 Kg seed fad -1 the experiments were laid-out a split plot design with three replicates.Results showed improvements for several soil chemical, physical and biological parameters ,i.e., soil pH , O.M, available N, P and K, bulk density, total porosity , available water. Dehydrogenase and nitrogenase activity as a result of the tested treatments refer to control (broadcast method under 20 kg seed fad -1 ) treatment. Drilling on 20 cm apart as planting method was the best supporters in studied soil properties, particularly in the presence of 30 kg seed fad -1 treatment.At 75 th days of sowing , a positive effect of either planting methods or seeding rates was noticed, on growth characteristics of Fahl berseem plants and its composition, i.e plant height, leaves/stem ratio (LSR), forage and dry yield, total nitrogen, protein and ash contents particularly in the presence of 30 kg seed fad -1 under drilling on 20 cm rows methods gave high values compared with control.At harvesting stage, seed yield characteristics of Fahl berseem were enhanced in response to different methods of planting and seed rates, especially with 30 kg seed fad -1 in the presence of Rows A method achieving relatively high increases compared to broadcast method treatment amended with 20 kg seed fad -1 .

A field experiment was conducted on a salt affected soil at Hussienia south plain, Sharkia Governorate, during two successive seasons winter 2008/2009 and summer 2009 to evaluate the effect of soil amendments i.e., gypsum and sulfur applied individually or combined with different nitrogen sources i.e., urea formaldehyde, urea and ammonium sulfate at three rates 75 %, 100% or 125 % N from the recommended dose for wheat plants. Rice was grown in the same plots without any further application of the aforementioned soil amendments to study their residual effects on straw and grain yields as well as uptake of N, P and K. Results showed that the soil amendments significantly improved the straw and grain yields of wheat as well as N, P and K uptake by both straw and grain compared to the control treatment. Also, it was found that straw, grain and N,P and K uptake by plants increased with increasing rates of nitrogen sources application and the highest values were achieved at a rate of 125 % N from the recommended dose. The combination between soil amendments and nitrogen sources produced higher values of straw, grain yields and N, P and K uptake values, compared to the soil amendments or nitrogen sources alone and the control. The highest values of straw and grain yields as well as N,P and K uptake by wheat plants were recorded by the combined application of urea formaldehyde at a rate of 125% from recommended dose + gypsum. Concerning the residual effect of soil amendments, the results revealed that the straw and grain yields as well as N, P and K uptake by rice plants were significantly enhanced with the application of nitrogen fertilizer combined with the residual effect of the used soil amendments. However, the higher values of the abovementioned parameters were obtained due to the residual effect of sulfur combined with nitrogen fertilizer. The soil samples analyzed after both wheat and rice harvesting showed that the residual effect of gypsum or sulfur significantly reduced the soil ECe, ESP and pH. From the results, it could be recommended that the application of 125% N from recommended dose especially in the slow release combined with soils amendments were required for wheat and rice grown on new reclaimed salt affected soils as well as reduced soil ECe, ESP and pH.