The reference values of the cross-sectional area of umbilical cord increased according to gestational age until the 33rd week and are related to parameters of fetal growth.
Introduction: The study of placentas from pregnant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive women has become the subject of numerous studies in the literature. Morphological, viral, immune and inflammatory placental aspects have been analyzed in order to grasp the vertical transmission of the virus. Objective: To identify the most frequent findings in the placentas by associating them with a viral antigen and correlating them with the infection of newborns. Material and methods: Thirty-five placentas from HIV-positive pregnant women were pathologically and immunohistochemically analyzed with the use of p24 antibody in the period from 1992 to1997 in accordance with the routine laboratory testing from the
In this high-risk population, angle-independent ductus venosus Doppler indexes were good predictors of birth acidemia. The S/A and (S - A)/S ratios and the ductus venosus PIV were statistically equivalent in this prediction.
IntroduçãoÉ aceito que a velocidade sanguínea no ducto venoso (DV) pode refletir alterações na hemodinâ-mica venosa central ou no retorno venoso umbilical. Existe estreita correlação entre a velocidade e a pressão no fluxo sangüíneo . A avaliação da mecânica do fluxo neste vaso apresenta, portanto, informações vitais sobre a distribuição do sangue umbilical oxigenado no feto e pode oferecer novas possibilidades de aplicação como método diagnóstico na compreensão da hemodinâmica fetal.Fetos com restrição ao crescimento apresentam fluxo sanguíneo venoso umbilical diminuído e volume de sangue reduzido a ser distribuído no fí-gado e DV 1 . Durante hipoxemia, a proporção de sangue umbilical direcionado ao DV aumenta e mantém um fluxo preferencial através do forame oval 2,3 . Outra possível causa de modificação na velocidade de fluxo no DV é falência cardíaca devido a malformações estruturais ou alterações funcio-
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