Two experiments were carried out at Sakha Agriculture Research Station,

An experiment was carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station during 2010 and 2011 seasons to study the effect of storage periods, cultivars, environments and package materials on germination, viability and seedling vigor of wheat grains. Three cultivars of wheat (Gemmiza7, Sakha 93 and Giza 168) were used during this study. Grains were packaged in three package materials (Jute, Jute coated plastic, Metal cans) after that grains stored in three types of environments (Dust, Sand and Ash). The stored grains were tested after two different periods for germination, viability (Electrical conductivity and Acidity %) and seedling vigor (radical length, plumule length and seedling dry weight). The obtained results recorded highly significant differences among the tested cultivars for all studied characters. Moreover, increasing storage period after harvest until 18 months decreased significantly all characters except electrical conductivity and acidity percentage which were increased with increasing storage period. Also, highly significant differences were observed among grains quality characters due to the different storage environments. Grains stored in ash had the worst characters as compared with other environments while grains stored in dust and sand gave the best characters. Moreover, grains stored in metal cans produced the best characters while, grains stored in jute bags gave the worst characters. It could be recommended that using metal cans to store wheat grains tell 18 months without using any chemicals is the best method for saving viability and seedling vigor.

It is crucial to understand how targeted traits in a hybrid breeding program are influenced by gene activity and combining ability. During the three growing seasons of 2015, 2016, and 2017, a field study was conducted with twelve cotton genotypes, comprised of four testers and eight lines. Thirty-two F1 crosses were produced in the 2015 breeding season using the line x tester mating design. The twelve genotypes and their thirty-two F1 crosses were then evaluated in 2016 and 2017. The results demonstrated highly significant differences among cotton genotypes for all the studied traits, showing a wide range of genetic diversity in the parent genotypes. Additionally, the line-x-tester interaction was highly significant for all traits, suggesting the impact of both additive and non-additive variations in gene expression. Furthermore, the thirty-two cotton crosses showed high seed cotton output, lint cotton yield, and fiber quality, such as fiber length values exceeding 31 mm and a fiber strength above 10 g/tex. Accordingly, selecting lines and testers with high GCA effects and crosses with high SCA effects would be an effective approach to improve the desired traits in cotton and develop new varieties with excellent yield and fiber quality.

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