Hemorrhoids occur frequently in the adult general population. Notably, a considerable number of people with hemorrhoids do not complain about symptoms. In addition, a high BMI can be regarded as an independent risk factor for hemorrhoids.

CO2 insufflation in deeply and moderately sedated patients during colonoscopy has no impact on patients' satisfaction with the procedure or on their attitude to voluntary colorectal cancer screening. However, the use of CO2 insufflation significantly diminishes abdominal pain after colonoscopy.

Haemorrhoids, irrespective of their degree, do not influence quality of life measured by the Short Form-12 Health Survey.

Although the median constipation score was low in both groups, there was a significant association between constipation and haemorrhoids in adult patients.

This large population based study revealed no association between colonic diverticular disease and constipation. Notably, the presence of diverticular disease significantly impacts quality of life.