In France, all phosphorus removal treatment has been based on precipitation by means of chemical reagents. With a view to reducing costs, a series of laboratory experiments was initiated and subsequently followed up by full-scale studies in early 1984 at the Saint-Mars-la-Jaille treatment plant. This is the first biological P-removal plant to be put on line in France.The plant operates at low loading levels with extended aeration. Nitrification-denitrification is achieved in controlled aerobic and nonaerobic zones through a multi-mini-step process in a plug-flow reactor. Complete nitrate removal results in a release of phosphorus during the anaerobic phase and, hence in a high level of phosphorus accumulation in the aerobic sludge.Phosphorus removal was optimized by replacing the thickener with a new flotation thickener to minimize P-release in the anaerobic sludge blanket. The phosphorus removal levels obtained varied from 35% at the outset of the study to 89% upon stabilization. This paper outlines the basic technical alterations made to ensure efficient phosphorus removal with this type of sewage plant as well as the analytical procedures used, and identifies the polyphosphates accumulated in activated sludge, on the basis of 3 1 -phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (3 1 P nmr).Results concerning phosphorus removal at low temperatures are also provided.En France, 1'Climination du phosphore est fondee sur la precipitation a I'aide de rkactifs chimiques. Dans I'optique de rCduire les cofits, une sCrie dlexpCriences en laboratoire a Ct C entreprise et suivie, au debut de l'annCe 1984, par des Ctudes en grandeur rCelle a la station de traitement de Saint-Mars-la-Jaille. I1 s'agit de la premibre station d'Climination biologique du phosphore en France.La station o@re a de faibles niveaux de chargement et suivant une aeration prolongCe. La nitrification-dbnitrification est rCalisCe dans des zones aCrobies et non akrobies contr6lCes, selon un procCdC a Ctapes multiples dans un riacteur a Ccoulementtampon. L'Climination complbte du nitrate ambne une liberation de phosphore au cours de la phase anaCrobie et de ce fait, une accumulation elevCe de phosphore dans les boues aerobics. L'Climination du phosphore a Ct C optimisee en remplaqant l'epaississeur par un nouvel tpaississeur de flottation destine rCduire la liberation de phosphore dans le voile de boues anaerobies. Les niveaux dlClimination du phosphore obtenus varient de 35% au debut de 1'Ctude a 89% aprbs stabilisation. Les auteurs decrivent les modifications techniques qui ont Ct C apportCes afin d'tliminer efficacement le phosphore dans ce type de station de traitement, examinent les procCdts analytiques utilisCs et identifient les polyphosphates accumulCs dans les boues activkes, en se fondant sur la rCsonance magnCtique nuclCaire du phosphore 3 1 (31P rmn).Les resultats concernant 1'Climination du phosphore par temps froid sont Cgalement examines. Mots cle's : boues activCes, traitement des eaux usCes, elimination biologique du phosphore, conditions anaerobie...
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