There are still many unresolved problems regarding cryptorchidism, so a review of recent diagnostic and therapeutic methods is of interest. The authors analyse the results of a retrospective survey of 180 cryptorchid patients operated about 25 years ago. A systematic approach at birth and periodic controls would help early diagnosis as well as making it easier to distinguish between true cryptorchidism and retractile testis.

Riassunto — The Authors report on the case histories and results of orchiopexy in a selected group of 143 patients with cryptorchidism. The methods of treatment and the results are analysed. Subjecting patients to orchiopexy before 2 years of age in order to Preserve fertility and avoid neoplastic development is still a controversial subject.

From a review of Literature on the subject, the Authors have followed developments in diagnosing cryptorchidism. The objective examination is still fundamental, but nowadays ultrasound, NMR, CT, phlebography and laparoscopy can be used. Surgical exploration remains a valid method for completing the above examinations.

The Authors analyse the possible therapies for cryptorchidism on the basis of current knowledge and with the aim of being able to choose the age in which to act. The latest laparoscopic therapeutic method is reported by the few authors who are using it, although its real advantages have still to be confirmed.