A infiltração nas edificações surge a partir da entrada indesejada de água e é causada, entre outros, pela ineficiência do sistema de impermeabilização. Essa falha se manifesta em fissuras, desplacamento e manchamento. Tais anomalias favorecem a precoce degradação da edificação, podendo assim impactar também na habitabilidade dos ambientes. A termografia infravermelha é uma técnica não destrutiva que possibilita a detecção de infiltração, uma vez que há variação de temperatura, favorecendo a percepção nesta técnica. O objetivo desse trabalho foi detectar e avaliar manifestações patológicas decorrentes de infiltrações em um posto de saúde na cidade de Triunfo/RS, apoiado na termografia como principal técnica para analisar regiões com concentração de umidade. O estudo foi feito de forma passiva e após um dia chuvoso. Os resultados mostraram que, mesmo sutis variações de temperatura, são capazes de alterar o termograma e tornar visível a detecção da umidade. Os locais onde havia infiltração apresentaram temperatura menor em relação a áreas próximas sem umidade, como esperado. As variações térmicas aferidas variaram de 1 ºC a 2 ºC. Diante do que foi proposto, a técnica empregada alcançou com sucesso o objetivo. Palavras-chave: termografia; umidade; inspeção; infiltração; manifestações patológicas.
The environmental aggressiveness referring to industrial environments is characterized as strong (class III) and very strong (class IV), according to the NBR 6118: 2014 standard. The concrete, in this place, can be susceptible to the action of acids, gases, acid rain, among other actions that, in turn, chemically affect the concrete, decreasing its mechanical resistance and its alkalinity. This research analyzed cases of structures in an industrial environment through the colorimetric assay of carbonation front and the mathematical model simplified by Tuutti, in addition to chemical analysis tests, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography. The analysis took place in two companies in the Petrochemical industry. Two samples from each company were used: for the first, an external pillar (P1) of molded concrete in loco, 8 years old, and an external pillar (P2) of molded concrete in loco, 13 years old, both absent from inspections and maintenance over time; the second company, on the other hand, was built with precast materials, with the samples derived from a pillar (P3) and a vertical sealing system (PV1), both aged 27 years. It was noticed, in the samples, reduced coverings, by the carbonation front and it was possible to verify that the P1 had an 11 mm front and, in the case of P2, the carbonation had already reached the sample reinforcement. Regarding the samples from company B, it can be seen that P3 showed good resistance to carbonation, while PV1 showed signs of carbonation up to 20mm. In the FTIR analysis, the samples showed similar spectra, with peaks in similar regions, for both companies. Through gas chromatography, the influence resulting from the presence of a plasticizer additive used in concrete and elastomers, as well as a substance of paraffinic nature, commonly used in petroleum products and adopted by companies in the petrochemical pole, became evident..
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