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This paper presents an adaptive scheme for gateway discovery in MANETs connected to the Internet. Basically, the proposed scheme reduces the flooding processes related to gateway discovery. To do so, the algorithm dynamically adjusts the interval of emission of the gateway advertisement messages to the need for updated routes to the gateway. The tuning is supported by the analysis of the spatial distribution of nodes in the MANET and by the impact that the relative position of nodes has on the route lifetimes. The simulations show that the proposed adaptive mechanism outperforms the conventional schemes: it decreases network saturation while it achieves lower end-to-end delay and it minimizes the routing overhead.

In order to extend the use of Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) to commercial applications, it is necessary to provide a mechanism to integrate this kind of networks into the

Abstract. The integration of mobile ad hoc networks into IP-based access networks demands the presence of a gateway which is responsible for propagating some configuration parameters by means of Modified Router Advertisement (MRA) messages. This function may be accomplished on demand by the mobile nodes (reactively), periodically activated by the gateway (proactively) or by combining the two approaches. In the proactive mechanisms, the interval of emission of the MRA messages (T ) may significantly affect the network performance. The optimum value for T depends on the network conditions such as the position of the sources, the mobility of nodes, etc. Therefore, an autonomous and adaptive technique to dynamically configure T is strongly recommended. In this sense, a new adaptive gateway discovery mechanism is proposed in this paper. The adaptation is achieved by a control system which has been conveniently configured by means of an analytical model. Simulation results show that the proposed adaptive mechanism improves the conventional proactive schemes.

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