Since cotton cleaning in Uzbekistan is carried out mainly manually, this paper discusses the methods and technologies established in the process of cleaning cotton and fiber. The process of fiber cleaning is one of the important processes that complete the technological process of cotton processing, given that the quality of fiber largely depends on the efficiency of this process, the research work on the mechanization of the type of collection and improving the efficiency of its cleaning is analyzed. In order to improve the efficiency of cleaning cotton collected on the machine, information is provided on the need to improve the equipment for cleaning fiber used in cotton gins. The research results are based on the need to replace a special structural device that guides the fiber to the correct tooth of the first sawtooth cylinder located on two drum cleaning plants. New fiber-cleaning equipment was installed in the Jizzakh regional JSC “Zarbdor cotton cleaning» and experimental tests were conducted in production conditions. In addition, the process of changing the pressure, density and speeds in the furnace and the effect of their cleaning efficiency has been modeled and theoretically analyzed, when the efficiency of cleaning the cotton fiber flow using a column system allows changing the raw material from 4 mm to 15 mm based on the device. By results of the conducted analysis it was shown that the increase of efficiency of purification depends on the device attached to the saw teeth, factor of the taxation of the distribution coefficient B and p 0 efficiency factor of increasing the initial pressure and coefficient of efficiency savings from the analysis of graphs, which present graphs of the distribution depending on the type of saw teeth. Based on the results of the research, recommendations are given for the widespread introduction of fiber cleaning equipment installed at enterprises of primary cotton processing, with the installation of a special structural guide device.

In this article, the techniques and technologies established in the process of cleaning cotton and fiber are based on the fact that in the republic the cotton harvest is carried out mainly by hand. In order to preserve the natural quality of the cotton harvested in cotton pickers, it is necessary to improve the equipment for cleaning the fibers. The fiber refining process is one of the most important final processes in the cotton processing process, given that the quality of the fiber largely depends on the efficiency of this process. The article analyzes the scientific work on the mechanization of the type of collection and increasing the efficiency of its cleaning. In order to increase the efficiency of machine cotton picking, information is given on the need to improve the equipment for cleaning fibers used in cotton ginning enterprises. The research is based on the need to replace a specially designed device that guides the fiber to the desired tooth of the first saw cylinder located in a dual drum fiber cleaning equipment. It turned out that the new structural device can be installed on the existing equipment for cleaning fibers of JSC “Zarbdor pakhta tozalash” in the Jizzakh region and can produce from 18.2 to 127.4 kg of fiber from cotton of the first and fourth grades. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were given for widespread introduction of cotton into the production of cotton by installing a special guiding device on the equipment for cleaning fibers installed at primary processing enterprises.

This article establishes a number of requirements for cotton fiber processing enterprises to improve production efficiency and rational use of resources and maintain high rates of natural quality of cotton fiber during processing. In addition, as a result of the research, it was found that changing the impact pressure of the scraper brush, creating a new shape of the scraper device, changing the relative position of the grate and the scraper brush, placing an additional scraper device after the scraper brush, so as not to be part of the dirty mixture that separates the piece of cotton, were found some positive results. The proposed design of the cotton cleaning section of the UXK purifier, due to the above features, makes it possible to increase the cleaning effect compared to the existing purifier, since in the proposed version, the process of cleaning cotton from large impurities is carried out twice in each section of the USC, which cleans cotton from large impurities. The proposed technical solution was taken as a basis and a plan was developed for preparing its structural diagrams and working drawings, manufacturing a laboratory stand for the cleaning section, conducting laboratory experiments with it, substantiating the main parameters of the working bodies according to the proposed scheme, and introducing the proposal into production.