N-glycosylation is one of the most important protein modifications in eukaryotes. It has been well established that N-glycosylation plays multiple roles in regulating stress tolerance of plants. However, the effects and mechanism of N-glycosylation on photosynthesis have not been well understood. In the present study, an obvious decrease in photosynthetic capacity and dry mass were detected in alg3-3 and cgl1-1, two typical mutants in N-glycosylation process. The maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII decreased significantly in cgl1-1. The values of effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, rate of photosynthetic electron transport through PSII, and photochemical quenching coefficient, which reflected the photochemical efficiency of plants, decreased as well, while the values of quantum yield of nonregulated energy dissipation of PSII showed obvious enhancement, the similar tendency was also observed in alg3-3. Furthermore, we found that N-glycosylation was also required to maintain the stability of a chloroplast-located protein CAH1, which was closely related to photosynthesis. These results suggest that N-glycosylation plays crucial roles in maintaining photosynthetic efficiency.

Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri, is a key vector transmitting the causative agent of Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. Population growth of ACP is evident after feeding on plant flush shoots, as they only oviposit here. However, the underlying mechanism as to why flush shoots govern oviposition is unclear. This study compares the fecundity and ovarian morphology of ACP between young flush and mature leaves. Furthermore, the transcriptome of mated females infesting Murraya paniculata was analysed. Finally, the gene of the key Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signalling pathway was silenced by RNAi. Results indicated that flush shoot feeding activated the development of the psyllids ovary and therefore induced oviposition. A total of 126 and 2794 differentially expressed genes were detected at 1 and 5 days, respectively, after pest infestation of flush shoots compared to mature leaves. Many genes are involved in protein metabolism, Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, hormone synthesis, and TOR signalling pathway: all thought to activate reproduction. Silencing of the positive regulator gene DcRheb in the TOR pathway resulted in lower levels of ecdysone and juvenile hormone and decreased vitellogenin synthesis, further disrupting reproductive ability. This study enhances understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying ACP's reproductive strategy.