Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is hemoconcentration with platelets concentration above baseline values and high concentration of many growth factors. The aim of this study was to assess freezing effect on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release from PRP using two different activation methods to simplify its use in different clinical applications. PRP was prepared using two-centrifugation steps method from 12 qualified blood donors. VEGF concentrations were measured in fresh PRP and after freezing/thawing for one and three weeks with two methods of activation using (i) calcium gluconate and (ii) calcium gluconate and thrombin. Platelets count was significantly increased compared to baseline whole blood values in all fresh and frozen PRP samples (p value was <0.05). No significant difference was found between VEGF concentrations after activating fresh and frozen-thawed PRP samples for one and three weeks by calcium alone or calcium with thrombin, and also no significant difference was found when freezing period was extended from one to three weeks. Our results showed that platelets count does not correlate with variable levels of VEGF. PRP could be prepared once and preserved frozen for at least three weeks for the next treatment sessions and activation with thrombin addition to calcium will not augment the growth factor release.

The Rhesus blood group system (ISBT 004) is the most complex and polymorphic blood group system; comprising 54 antigens numbered RH1 to RH61 with seven obsolete numbers. There are 18 phenotypes can be distinguished by using anti-D,C,c,E, and e. In addition, there are eight possible haplotype arrangements of Rh genes on short arm of chromosome 1 i.e. Dce, DCe, DcE, DCE, dec, dCe, dcE and dCE and results in 36 possible genotypes. 3 The KEL (Kell) system (ISBT 006) is currently known to contain 36 antigens. The K antigen is strongly immunogenic. Anti-K has been reported as the cause of hemolytic transfusion reactions, both immediate and delayed, and hemolytic disease of the newborn. 4 There is wide variation in the frequencies of ABO, Rh and Kell antigens throughout the world and there is no published data from Egypt about this issue. The aim of this study was to detect the frequencies of ABO, Rh and Kell blood group antigens among blood recipients from the inpatients and blood donors coming to Suez Canal University Hospital blood bank, Ismailia, and to compare it with that of other ethnic groups. Subjects and methodsThis observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Suez Canal University Hospital blood bank, Ismailia, Egypt. Two milliliters whole blood samples were taken into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes from blood donors, and inpatients who were admitted

To clarify the relationship between serum albumin concentration and in vivo platelet activity in nephrotic syndrome, Beta-thromboglobulin (B-TG) levels and circulating platelet aggregation ratio (PAR) were determined in 25 nephrotic patients. PAR levels were significantly decreased compared with the controls and showed a positive correlation with serum albumin concentrations. The values of B-TG were high in all nephrotic patients and showed an inverse relationship with serum albumin levels. In addition, increased B-TG levels correlated with decreased PAR values. Therefore serum albumin plays a regulatory role in the activity of circulating platelets in the nephrotic syndrome. Prospective longitudinal studies must be done to elucidate the usefulness of platelet inhibitors as a prophylactic therapy of intravascular thrombosis in nephrotic patients.

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