Bicycle injuries, as a separate type of traffic accidents, require forensic medical examinations to establish the mechanism, duration and severity of injuries. The forensic medical aspects of cycling injury are insufficiently covered in the literature. The purpose of the study is to study the nature and features of the formation of injuries in cyclists who were injured when other vehicles hit the side of moving bicycles. Materials and research methods. The results of forensic medical examinations in relation to 51 cyclists who died as a result of a side collision of vehicles with moving bicycles were analyzed. Results. The most frequently observed injuries in cyclists are traumatic brain injury - (21.56%) and combined injuries: head and chest (15.68%); lower extremities with trauma to the head, chest (11.76%). Damage to the structure of the head was revealed in almost all (96.0%) of the dead cyclists and was characterized by the formation of a severe contusion of the brain with fractures of the parietotemporal and occipital bones. Damage to the structure of the chest and organs of the chest cavity was also observed frequently - 50.69%. Rib fractures were noted in 74.2% of cases. Injuries to the abdominal organs were detected in 20.15% of cases, in the form of liver rupture and hemorrhage in the ligaments of organs. Also observed diaphyseal comminuted fractures of the bones of the lower leg, femur. Conclusion. The most common types of injuries in dead cyclists in a side collision of other vehicles with a moving bicycle are TBI, as well as ST of the head, chest and fractures of the bones of the lower extremities in combination with a head and chest injury. Damage to the structure of the head was characterized by the formation of linear, depressed-comminuted fractures of the parietal-temporal and occipital bones. Damage to the structure of the chest was characterized by the occurrence of fractures of the upper ribs and bruises of the lungs. Damage to the skin, resembling a picture of a "road rash", was noted on the anterolateral parts of the body.

Damage to the body caused by the action of sharp objects is one of the topical topics of forensic criminology. The variety of existing objects that can potentially be used for the purpose of committing a crime require a detailed traceological study. Purpose of the work: to carry out an analysis according to the study of the features of the morphology of heart stab-cut wounds, inflicted by national Uzbek knives. The material presented by 30 observations of those who died as a result of inflicting penetrating stab wounds with damage to the heart, inflicted by national Uzbek knives. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the MS Excel 2007 software. It was found that stab-cut wounds were more common in men, the wounds were mainly in the ventricles and less often in the atria. Stab-cut wounds inflicted by Uzbek national knives have an angular, oval, linear shape. The butt ends are П-, Г-, T-shaped, the blade ends are sharp. It was revealed that the walls of the heart, in comparison with skin wounds, have a higher morphological identification significance. The heart after restoration in Ratnevsky’s solution deformed less than skin wounds, and the length of the stab-cut wounds of the heart more accurately corresponds to the width of the blade of a stab-cut weapon. This may be due to the peculiarities of the structure of the epicardium and myocardium, which are less susceptible to the process of retraction. On the tissues of the heart, the design features of the butt and blade of knife blades are quite fully determined, so they can be used for group identification of a traumatic weapon.