River floodplains are unique nature landscapes. In contrast to zonal communities on watersheds, soil biota of river floodplains is studied in less degree. The research was conducted in the floodplain forests in the European NorthEast of Russia and showed high diversity of soil biota in alluvial forest soils. Floodplain forest soils are inhabited by 70 species of micromycetes, 53 genera of Nematoda, 60 species of Collembola, and 110 species of large invertebrates. Alluvial meadow soils with stable moisture and temperature conditions are characterised by high species diversity of micromycetes, nematodes and large invertebrates. Collembola prefer alluvial soddy soils. Soil microorganisms, meso-and macro-fauna can essentially increase taxonomic diversity and number in alluvial meadow-boggy soils at warming autumn.

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