Visando avaliar a sustentabilidade em um sistema de produção de suínos em terminação, realizou-se estudo de eficiência energética, através do acompanhamento de um lote de 120 dias, em sistema comercial, em Ouro Verde do Oeste, PR. Quantificou-se o coeficiente energético de cada componente envolvido no processo de produção e tratamento dos resíduos, por meio de biodigestor (entradas e saídas) e se determinaram as matrizes de consumo energético nas formas de ração, energia elétrica, mão-de-obra, equipamentos, instalações, produção de suínos vivos, produção de biofertilizante e de biogás. Os resultados indicaram que a atividade se enquadrou nas características de um agroecossistema industrial, altamente especializado, importando grande parte da energia consumida no processo de produção e destinado à exportação, com eficiência energética de 0,38 (Jsaída/Jentrada). Da energia direta de entrada, 95,3% correspondem a ração e 4,6% a leitões. Da energia de saída, 56,8% se referem a suínos para abate, 30,1% ao biofertilizante e 13% a biogás.
Due to the lack of reliable mathematical models for predicting the minimum spouting velocity in spouted bed dryers, in this work a new model is proposed that takes into account the effects of adhesive forces acting on particle agglomerates due to the presence of pastes. The results are compared with experimental data reported by Spitzner and Freire (2001), obtained by the continuous feeding of egg paste into a spouted bed, and with additional data obtained for batch feeding of glycerol into the same bed. The equipment was a conical spouted bed with a 0.05 m inlet diameter, a 60° cone angle, and a 0.21 m cone height. Glass spheres with a diameter of 2.6x10-3 m were used as inert particles. It was observed that as saturation increases, the minimum spouting velocity increases for egg paste and decreases for glycerol. The results indicate that there are different forces acting on the bed of particles depending on the paste and operating conditions. The mathematical model provided good predictions only for egg paste, although the values for minimum spouting velocity were slightly overestimated
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