Resumo: O objetivo foi analisar a percepção das mulheres que realizaram o plano de parto sobre a experiência de parto, os significados do plano de parto, seus elementos constituintes e a relação do plano de parto com o trabalho de parto e parto. Um estudo descritivo qualitativo foi realizado. Os dados foram coletados por meio do questionário Sentidos do Nascer - Contatos Pós-parto, aplicado via contato telefônico. Incluiu mulheres de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, e região metropolitana que participaram da Exposição Sentidos do Nascer, no período de maio a junho de 2015 e março de 2016, quando estavam grávidas, com data do parto anterior ocorrida há mais de um ano e não ter tido abortamento. O tratamento analítico empregado foi a análise de conteúdo das questões. A partir da análise dos dados, emergiram as seguintes categorias referentes ao plano de parto: “presença de acompanhante”, “informações sobre os procedimentos”, “uso de métodos de alívio de dor”, “o uso de anestesia para a continuação do parto normal”, “alimentação durante o trabalho de parto”, “presença da doula”, “não haver intervenção desnecessária”, “realização do parto normal”, “corte do cordão umbilical após cessar pulsação”, “presença e amamentação de recém-nascido pós-parto” e “respeito/tratamento”. Observou-se relação direta com a realização do plano de parto e a experiência do parto positiva. Destaca-se a importância da utilização do plano de parto como uma tecnologia que favorece a experiência positiva do parto. A construção do plano pelas mulheres durante o pré-natal e a realização dele por parte da equipe de saúde contribuíram para o desenvolvimento favorável do trabalho de parto.

Background Adolescents face socio-structural, personal and programmatic barriers to HIV prevention services, highlighting the importance of understanding knowledge and acceptability as essential aspects to promote their broader access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We analyzed the acceptability of PrEP among adolescent men who have sex with men (MSM), travestis and transgender women (TGW). Methods A qualitative investigation was conducted as part of the formative research of the PrEP15-19 study, an ongoing demonstration study that analyzes the effectiveness of daily PrEP among adolescent MSM, travestis and TGW aged 15–19 in three Brazilian cities. A total of 37 semi-structured interviews and 6 focus groups were conducted. Building from thematic analysis focusing on participants’ sexual encounters, perceptions about PrEP efficacy, and vulnerability contexts, we analyzed prospective acceptability of PrEP. Findings Knowledge about PrEP was incipient and characterized by adolescents’ frequent doubts about its prescription and efficacy. The ‘ideal’ use of PrEP appeared together with consistent condom use, especially in casual sex. PrEP use was also mentioned as depending on increased learning about prevention management over time. Main barriers to PrEP use included the incorporation of a daily medication into participants’ routine and its impact on their social lives, especially related to stigma. Concerns over short- and long-term side effects were also reported as barriers to PrEP use. TGW and travestis contrasted using PrEP with the precarity of their life conditions, and some expressed a critical vision about PrEP by associating it with pharmaceuticalization and trans necropolitics. Conclusions Participants’ low knowledge and acceptability of PrEP are circumscribed by a rigid perception of condom as the ideal prevention method and the context of their sexual relations. Prospective acceptability highlights that the successful uptake of PrEP depends on overcoming barriers of access to health services and confronting transphobia and homophobia as part of care.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of crude glycerin (CG) suplementation in sheep diets during pregnancy and transition period. Twenty-four Lacaune x East Friesian genotypes sheep were randomly assigned to four treatments. Diet was composed of roughage: tifton hay, and standard concentrate for the categories, being these similar among the treatments, whereas the CG differed for the supplements in (zero, 1,5, 3,0 and 4,5% of dry matter) being It added to the animals' drinking water. The sheep received supplementation during all pregnancy and lactation. Dry matter intake during gestation was reduced with the higher supplementation of CG in the animals' drinking water, presenting a linear decreasing response and remaining until delivery. Throughout lactation, the variable presented a linear behavior with the supplementation of CG on the eighteenth day of this phase, after a quadratic behavior was observed until the end of the evaluated period. The β-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids levels were not influenced by CG supplementation throughout the gestation period. CG suplementation conveyed in water did not affect negatively milk production and composition. Key words: β-hydroxybutyrate. Byproducts. Glycerol. Sheep. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a influência da suplementação com glicerina bruta (GB) em dietas para ovelhas durante a gestação e período de transição. Foram avaliadas 24 ovelhas com genótipo Lacaune x East Friesian distribuídas de forma inteiramente ao acaso em quatro tratamentos. A dieta foi composta de volumoso: feno de tifton e concentrado padrão para as categorias, sendo estes semelhantes entre os tratamentos já a GB diferenciava quanto às suplementações em (zero; 1,5; 3,0 e 4,5% da MS) sendo a mesma adicionada à água de beber dos animais. As ovelhas receberam suplementação ao longo da gestação e lactação. O consumo de matéria seca na gestação foi reduzido com a maior suplementação de GB na água de beber dos animais, apresentando resposta linear decrescente e mantendo-se até o parto. Ao longo da lactação, a variável apresentou comportamento linear decrescente com a suplementação da GB no décimo oitavo dia desta fase, posteriormente apresentando um comportamento quadrático até o fim do período avaliado. O teor de β-hidroxibutirato e ácidos graxos não esterificados não sofreram influência da suplementação com GB ao longo de toda a gestação. A suplementação com GB veiculada à água não afetou negativamente a produção e composição do leite. Palavras-chave: β-hidroxibutirato. Glicerol. Ovinos. Subprodutos.liver injury (GONZÁLEZ; SILVA, 2006). In view of this scenario, CG inserts itself as an energetic supplementation alternative to the end of gestation and the beginning of lactation in sheep. It can be diluted and offered in water as a strategy to reduce dry matter consumption and occupy less physical space. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CG supplementation conveyed in water for sheep, and to determine its effects on intake, blood parameters during gestation an...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of crude glycerin (CG) supplementation of dairy ewes during pregnancy and early lactation on the body weight and measurements of offspring from birth to weaning. Twenty-four lambs from 24 Lacaune x East Friesian genotype ewes were evaluated. The sheep were distributed in four treatments that differed in crude glycerin supplementation of 0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5%, as well as the concomitant adjustment of dry matter and water intake. Body measurements of lambs were recorded every two weeks from birth until weaning. Body weight was recorded daily. Multiple regression analysis revealed that supplementation with CG explained 5.2% of the variation in the weight of lambs at birth (LW), accompanied by the body condition score of the ewe (12.3%), sex of lamb (19.2%), and live weight of the ewes (26.5%); r 2 was 63%. According to the predictions of the model adjusted for simulated scenarios, the leanest lambs were derived from ewes weighing between 40 and 50 kg, with body condition scores from 4 to 5, and that did not receive CG at intermediate levels. Heavier lambs, with LW above 5.5 kg, were derived from ewes that weighed between 80 to 90 kg with low body condition scores of 3, and that received 1.5% CG. Supplementation with CG between 2% and 4% improves the weight of the lambs at birth. Body measurements of lambs were not influenced by dietary supplementation of ewes with CG. Key words: Biometrics. Byproducts. Glycerol. Ovine. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a influência da suplementação com glicerina bruta (GB) para ovelhas durante a gestação e início da lactação e seus efeitos sobre o peso e medidas corporais de suas crias do nascimento à desmama. Foram avaliados 24 cordeiros oriundos de 24 ovelhas do genótipo Lacaune x East Friesian distribuídas em quatro tratamentos que se diferenciaram quanto à suplementação de GB na dieta em (0; 1,5; 3,0 e 4,5% de MS) sendo esta adicionada à água. As medidas biométricas dos cordeiros oriundos das mães avaliadas ocorreram quinzenalmente do dia do nascimento até o período da desmama, já o peso corporal foi avaliado diariamente. O estudo de regressão múltipla realizado constatou que o teor de GB na dieta das mães explicou 5,2% da variação no peso dos cordeiros ao nascer (PN), seguidas pelo escore corporal das mães (12,3%), sexo do cordeiro (19,2%) e peso vivo das mães (26,5%), totalizando r 2 de 63%. Segundo predições do modelo ajustado para cenários simulados, cordeiros mais leves foram oriundos de ovelhas com peso entre 40 a 50 kg, escore 4 a 5 e que não receberam GB em níveis intermediários. Cordeiros mais pesados, com PN superior a 5,5, provinham de ovelhas pesadas, entre 80 e 90 kg com escore baixo e que receberam níveis de 1,5 e 3% de GB. A suplementação com GB entre 2% e 4% melhora o peso ao nascer dos cordeiros. As medidas corporais dos cordeiros não são influenciadas pela suplementação com GB na dieta das mães. Palavras-chave: Biometria. Glicerol. Ovinos. Subprodutos.

This study was performed to determine the effects of crude glycerin (CG) supplementation in drinking water on DM and nutrient intake, milk production, milk composition, and serum glucose. Twenty multiparous Lacaune × East Friesian ewes were randomly distributed into four dietary treatments throughout the lactation cycle. Treatments consisted of doses of CG supplementation via drinking water as follows: (1) no CG supplementation, (2) 15.0 g CG/kg DM, (3) 30.0 g CG/kg DM, and (4) 45.0 g CG/kg DM. DM and nutrient intake were reduced linearly with CG supplementation. CG linearly reduced water intake when expressed as kg d−1. However, no effect of CG was observed when it was expressed as a percentage of body weight or metabolic body weight. The water to DM intake ratio was increased linearly with CG supplementation. No effect of CG doses on serum glucose was observed. The production of standardized milk decreased linearly with the experimental doses of CG. Protein, fat, and lactose yield were linearly reduced with the experimental doses of CG. Milk urea concentration was quadratically increased with CG doses. Feed conversion was quadratically increased by treatments during the pre-weaning period (P < 0.05), in which the worst values were observed when the ewes were supplemented with 15 and 30 g CG/kg DM. The N-efficiency was linearly increased with CG supplementation in drinking water. Our results suggest that dairy sheep can be supplemented with CG up to 15 g/kg DM in drinking water. Greater doses are not beneficial for feed intake, milk production, and the yield of milk components.