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The problem of overcoming life's difficulties is one of the most actual problems of psychology. In this regard, one of the significant factors that determine success is the peculiarities of the representation of the father and mother as the first human communities, whose values and strategies permeate almost the entire system of human relations with the world. A great contribution to the analysis of this problem was made by the psychoanalytic direction, which considers parents as a "window to the world", providing a painless overcoming of problems at different stages of psychosexual development, the development of a" grandiose Self " that believes in its own potential for perfection and overcoming. Special significance, along with the mother in the early stages, is given to the father, the measure of identification with which affects both the development of a sublimating, overcoming personality, and co-dependent, with violations of gender-role identity (homosexuality) of a person. Positive representation of the father and mother is the basis for productive coping methods. Negative representation of parents is self-doubt, increased anxiety, unproductive coping strategies, reaching its extreme expressions-parricide.

This paper aims to make an analyses and systemization oб /им f stress resilience concepts in the framework of world psychology. Authors begin with the defining the role of stress in humans' life referring to the dual nature of the stress. On the one hand as a power that trigger humans' development and survivance, on the other hand as a power that can destroy humans. The second nature of the stress emphasizes the necessity to cope with it in order to thrive. The ability to cope was referred to the stress resilience ability. Authors analyzed and systemized Russian, Kazakhstani, and the far-abroad countries' concepts of stress resilience. The concepts include both theoretical and experimental world studies of such scientists as Avdulova T.P., Dyakov S.I., Tashimova F.S., Mynabyeva A.K., Garmezy, Luthar, Zigler, Gest, Reed, Masten, and others. The analyses starts from the history of stress resilience studies that primarily were revealed in the literature about schizophrenia. Then early studies of patients with severe disorders focused primarily on understanding maladaptive behavior, and a subgroup of patients with relatively adaptive models that was considered as atypical for them and thus, paved the way to study this atypical behavior as an ability to confront the stress. Authors focused on drawing up a holistic understanding of stress resilience phenomena referring to the world concepts and explaining the mechanisms and main factors of stress resilience. As a summary and referring to the abovementioned concepts this paper offers the definition of stress resilience and a holistic understanding of mechanism and factors of stress resilience.

Article presents the concept of subjective well-being. Starting from the philosophic point that describes the concept from the perspective of two forms: "hedonic" and "eudaimonic". The necessity of studying subjective well-being and its actuality, which became a red flag that straightened in the wind through the centuries until nowadays. Why do human beings strive to obtain subjective well-being? What are the benefits for a person and society? To answer these questions paper refers to investigations made by popular organizations and scientists. The investigation history of subjective well-being concept, which is derived from theoretical and empirical studies. The theoretical studies represented by the ideas of E. From, Z. Freud, A.Adler, A.Maslow and other. The empirical studies that started in 1930s and used simple graphical scales or list of main categories. Later composed a list of factors of satisfaction that measured happiness. Then in 1990s scientific acknowledgement of happiness category was described. The meaning and matching of terminology: "happiness' and "subjective well-being". Finally, subjective well-being predictors and the concept in domestic and foreign psychology were presented.