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Although carbon dioxide (CO) is well known as one of the major green-house gases, it is also an economical C1 resource. Thus, CO has been regarded as an appealing starting material for the synthesis of polymers, like polycarbonates by the reaction with epoxides. Herein the reaction between natural epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), propylene oxide (PO) and CO under high pressure (4.0MPa) with the presence of Co-Zn double metal cyanide (Co-Zn DMC) catalyst was studied. Temperature and reaction time were varied accordingly and the products obtained were characterized by FTIR, GPC and H NMR. The results obtained indicate the formation of polycarbonates in the samples collected with yields vary from 60 to 85%. The number average molecular weight (M) of the resultant polymer prepared at reaction temperature of 80°C and reaction time of 6h can reach up to 6498g/mol.

Heterogeneous metal complex catalyst such as Zinc glutarate (ZnGA) and Zinc-Ferum Double Metal Cyanide (Zn-Fe DMC) have been shown to improve reactivity for alternating copolymerization using CO2 and epoxides. However, there are not lot of studies that have been done to study the effect of different parameter such as time and temperature on the catalytic activities of ZnGA and Zn-Fe DMC. ZnGA was treated with toluene while Zn-Fe DMC catalyst was treated with (complexing agent) tert-butanol. The main focus of this study is to synthesize ZnGA and Zn-Fe DMC at different parameter where the catalysts were produced at a variety of temperatures (50,60,70 °C) and reaction times (3h & 9h). Three different zinc-ferum ratios (1:4, 1:6, and 1:8) were developed for the Zn-Fe DMC catalyst to compare the effect of iron as metal and zinc on the active site. The catalyst was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine their functional elements and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis (BET) for surface characterization and pore size. The effects of reaction parameters such as time and reaction temperature were investigated using this catalyst in an auxiliary-batch reactor. FTIR result shows that GA was successful incorporation into ZnO and the production of ZnGA catalysts. The presence of typical functional groups in the Zn–Fe DMC catalysts was also confirmed. The surface area and pore volume of ZnGA increases as the temperature and reaction time increases while Zn-Fe DMC the surface area and pore volume decrease as the ratio increases. These surface-modified catalysts can generate high-molecular-weight polymers, which benefits both the environment and industry.

Poly-(carbonate-co-ether) was synthesized via catalytic polymerization between epoxidized linseed oil (ELO), propylene oxide (PO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) using heterogeneous catalyst namely Co-Zn double metal cyanide (Co-Zn DMC). The influence of polymerization time was studied. It was revealed that the properties of the resultant polymers were affected by the polymerization time. Within the range of polymerization time studied, the maximum average molecular weight (Mn) of the resultant polymer obtained was 6.21 × 105 g⋅mol−1 with polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.05 at reaction time of 24 hours.