IBS patients have abnormal local synchronization of spontaneous brain activity in regions involved in visceral afferent processing, emotional arousal, and cognitive modulation. Combining rs-fMRI and ReHo analysis seems to be a valuable approach to investigate the neural basis of IBS.

The inhibitor of DNA-binding/differentiation 3 (Id3) protein is a helix-loop-helix transcription factor and may have an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. This study was to evaluate the effects of upregulation of Id3 in human lung adenocarcinoma cells on proliferation, apoptosis, mobility and tumorigenicity. Short interference RNA suppression of Id3 (miRId3) in A549 cells was used to investigate the functional role(s) of Id3. Next, we used in vitro wound-healing assay and trans-well assay to study the effects of overexpressed Id3 on migration and invasion of A549 cells. Furthermore, to explore the influence of overexpressed Id3 on in vivo tumorigenesis, adenoviruses containing Id3 gene (Ad-Id3) and empty vector (Ad-LacZ) were generated. Co-transfection of pcDNA/miRId3 and pEGFP/Id3 into A549 cells reversed the Id3-induced cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. Upon Id3 transfection, A549 cells displayed decreased migratory and invasive capabilities, however, co-transfection of miRId3 and Id3 into A549 cells reversed the Id3-induced inhibitions of migratory and invasive capabilities. Three groups of nude mice were inoculated with Ad-LacZ, Ad-Id3 transfectants and untransfected A549 cells, respectively. Twenty-eight days after inoculation, tumors induced by Ad-Id3 transfectants grew much more slowly compared with Ad-LacZ transfectants and control group. This study provides for the first time both in vitro and in vivo proofs that forced expression of Id3 in lung adenocarcinoma cells reduces tumor growth rate and may be a potential target for tumor suppression.

Using first-principles calculations, we present a comprehensive study on the atomic and electronic structures of metal adatoms (noble metals Ag, Au, Cu and alkali metals Li, Na, K) adsorbed on a [Formula: see text]-Ag (hereafter [Formula: see text]-Ag) surface. We found that adsorption of noble and alkali adatoms can induce significant structural changes in the topmost Ag layer. The most striking and interesting results are the immersion of the noble and Li adatoms into the substrate Ag layer and the finding of the most stable configurations with three adatoms incorporating into or being adsorbed on the surface dependent on their atomic radii. We also found that the almost empty two-dimensional free-electron-like band s1 and its band folding s1(*) of the original surface band s1 of the [Formula: see text]-Ag surface split into a gap at the surface Brillouin zone (SBZ) boundary with adsorption of an adatom. The two surface bands gradually move downwards and the s1 band is gradually filled with an increase of coverage. The s1 band is fully occupied with the largest band gap ∼ 0.25 eV between the s1 and s1(*) bands at the critical coverage of 0.14 monolayers (ML) [three adatoms in a [Formula: see text]-Ag (hereafter [Formula: see text]-Ag) unit cell], which corresponds to the most stable adsorption phase. Although the adsorption configurations are different, both the noble and alkali adatom adsorptions give rise to similar electronic structures at low coverages, indicating a free-electron-like character of the adsorption surfaces.