No abstract

Brassica napus (L.), winter oilseed rape (WOSR) or canola, is one of the most important oilseed crop species of the moderate climate zone. Improving the seed quality and yield makes the main target in breeding programs worldwide. In this study, we examined the genotype-by-environment (G×E) interaction with respect to six seed traits among 25 WOSR genotypes. The plant material included the registered canola cultivars, our newly developed mutant breeding lines and the Ogura F1 hybrids and their parental components, in addition to our domestic breeding lines including two semi-resynthesized (semi-RS) lines. The 25 genotypes were examined in field trials at two locations, in three growing seasons. Seed oil and protein content, total glucosinolates (GLS) content in seed meal and C18 unsaturated fatty acid (oleic, linoleic and linolenic) composition in seed oil were examined. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analyses revealed significant effects of both, genotype (G) and environment (E) as well as the G×E interaction regarding the analyzed seed traits. In our study, two Ogura F1 hybrids, a CMS line and a new high oleic mutant breeding line revealed high stability and good average values for most of the analyzed seed traits, thus making a valuable source of starting materials for further improvement.

No abstract

The carried out studies confirmed the efficacy of chemical protection in reduction of infection caused by the following pathogens; Leptosphaeria spp.-phoma stem canker, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum-stem rot, Botryotinia fuckeliana-grey mould, Alternaria spp.-dark leaf and pod spot. In all plant protection programs the treatments were applied at the growth stage BBCH 65 which, was recommended for a control of pathogens occurring at highest intensity during the studies (S. sclerotiorum and Alternaria spp.) and it resulted in similar efficiency of protection. Plant protection also significantly affected the yield. The highest seed yield was collected from the objects protected three times during a vegetation season. The seed yield was also dependent on nitrogen fertilization level. Significant higher seed yield was achieved on objects fertilized with 220 kg N/ha. Seed yield was also influenced by cultivar and sowing density. Visby cultivar produced a significantly higher yield when sown at smaller density.

The study was carried out in the years 2013 and 2014 at the Łagiewniki farm to determine the effect of some herbicides on the yield and development of two opium poppy cultivars: ‘Lazur’ - with high morphine content, and ‘Borowski Biały’ - with low morphine content. The development and yield of the poppy was a derivative of environmental and agronomic conditions. The mixture of tembotrione and fluroxypyr applied post-emergence at a rate of 88 and 75 g a.i. · ha−1, respectively, effectively controlled most weeds which are harmful for the poppy and did not phytotoxically affect opium poppy plants. The level of yield also depended on the cultivar’s ability to grow under unfavourable weather conditions. A lower yield was noted for the cultivar with a lower content of morphine - ‘Borowski Biały’.