RESUMENAmelogénesis imperfecta (AI) describe defectos en el esmalte derivados de mutaciones genéticas que se manifiestan en anormalidades estructurales en la dentición temporal y permanente. A pesar del amplio conocimiento que aumenta día tras día a nivel mundial sobre las mutaciones genéticas asociadas a la AI, existe poca investigación en su efecto sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar, en un cohorte de pacientes costarricenses afectados por esta patología, la percepción emocional sobre su calidad de vida que esta condición ha generado. Miembros de varias familias portadoras de AI se entrevistaron y sus experiencias sirvieron de base para desarrollar un instrumento (cuestionario), el cual se utilizó para evaluar el impacto de este padecimiento, en su calidad de vida. Se incluyeron 18 personas afectadas de AI, provenientes de 17 familias. Los resultados más relevantes revelaron que un 100 % de los participantes han sufrido burlas y rechazo; 77.8 % se mostraron preocupados por la herencia a sus hijos; 66.7 % les preocupa el costo del tratamiento; 89 % le atribuyen alta importancia a sus dientes, siendo no estadísticamente significativo por sexo (p = 0.732). El estudio indica que los profesionales en Odontología deben entender la AI no solo como un defecto en la estructura del esmalte dental, que demanda un manejo clínico especializado, sino como una condición que causa impacto negativo en la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen. Esto se debe considerar en la comunicación e interacción del profesional, los sujetos afectados y sus familias. PALABRAS CLAVEAmelogénesis imperfecta, Percepción emocional, Autoestima, Familias costarricenses. ODOVTOS-International Journal of Dental SciencesABSTRACT "Amelogenesis imperfecta" (AI) (prevalence up to 1 in 700) describes largely Mendelian enamel defects arising from gene mutations that present as structural abnormalities of the temporary and permanent teeth as a result of defective enamel formation. AI has a wide range of clinical presentations and phenotypes and affects both sexes. Despite increasing knowledge of the genetic mutations underlying AI there has been little research focussing on the effect of AI on the quality of life of AI patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AI on patient quality of life in a Costa Rican AI cohort. Affected family members were interviewed and their experiences used to develop an instrument (questionnaire) that was subsequently used to evaluate the impact of AI on their quality of life. 18 AI patients from 17 families were included in the study. Our findings showed that 100% had been teased and had suffered social rejection; 77.8% were concerned about their children´s inheritance and 66.7 % were concerned by the cost of treatment; 89% placed a high importance on their teeth. Results were not statistically significant when sorted by sex (p = 0.732). The results of this study indicate that dental professionals need to understand AI not only as defective tooth enamel structure d...
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