The traumatic bone cyst belongs to a group of lesions of maxillomandibular bones and is considered as a pseudocyst by the World Health Organization. It is usually diagnosed through a routine radiographic examination. Lucas defined it in 1929 with unclear pathogenesis; meanwhile, the trauma-hemorrhage theory has been the most defended by pathologists. Due to not having a definite cause, this lesion has several names: "simple bone cyst," "solitary bone cyst," "hemorrhagic bone cyst" or "unicameral bone cyst." The aim of this study is to report a clinical case of a traumatic bone cyst in the jaw region in a female patient, describing its pathogenesis and radiographic, clinical and histopathological aspects. Diagnosis was confirmed by surgical exploration, which is considered as the only method for a more precise diagnosis. The patient was treated by curettage of the bone cavity and has been observed annually, not showing any clinical or radiographic signs of recurrence. (Rev Port

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