A literature review of studies analyzing work-family conflict and its consequences was conducted, and 427 effect sizes were analyzed meta-analytically. Work-family conflict was analyzed bidirectionally in terms of work interference with family (WIF) and family interference with work (FIW). We assessed 3 categories of potential outcomes: work-related outcomes, family-related outcomes, and domain-unspecific outcomes. Results show that WIF and FIW are consistently related to all 3 types of outcomes. Both types of interrole conflict showed stronger relationships to same-domain outcomes than to cross-domain outcomes. Thus, WIF was more strongly associated with work-related than with family-related outcomes, and FIW was more strongly associated with family-related than with work-related outcomes. In moderator analyses, parenthood could not explain variability in effect sizes. However, time spent at work did moderate the relationships between WIF and family-related outcomes, as well as FIW and domain-unspecific outcomes.

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Zusammenfassung. Das Topmanagement ist eine eher selten untersuchte Population. In dieser Untersuchung wurden in Zusammenarbeit mit einem Schweizer Großkonzern die Ausprägungen verschiedener Stressoren und Ressourcen in der Arbeit und deren Zusammenhänge mit Befindensparametern im Topmanagement (N = 143) analysiert. Der Konflikt Arbeit - Familie war in dieser Population stark ausgeprägt und korrelierte erwartungsgemäß mit arbeitsbezogenen Stressoren (r = .23 bis .48). In hierarchischen Regressionsanalysen sagte er die drei Befindensparameter Irritation, psychosomatische Beschwerden und arbeitsbezogene Depressivität vorher, auch wenn Ressourcen (positive soziale Beziehungen und Handlungsspielraum) und arbeitsbezogene Stressoren (Überlastung, Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit und Anzahl der Arbeitsstunden) kontrolliert wurden. Mediationsanalysen zeigten, dass der Konflikt Arbeit - Familie die Beziehungen zwischen den drei arbeitsbezogenen Stressoren und den drei Befindensbeeinträchtigungen fast immer mediierte.

Abstract. The present paper focuses on sharing work events with the family by interviewing dual-earner parents. Specifically, the aim of the study was to investigate to what extent experiences at work, both positive and negative, were shared with the family, depending on (a) characteristics of the event and (b) general characteristics of work and family life (e.g., chronic stressors, chronic resources in each domain). Results of multilevel analysis showed that the longer lasting (for positive events only) and less familiar (for positive and negative events) a work event was, the more intense the event was shared with family members. Furthermore, besides work events also general social support in the work and the family context predicted sharing such events with family members. That is, the more supportive family members were and the less supportive the work environment was in general, the stronger was the effect of sharing work events with the family. Combining qualitative and quantitative data was successful in uncovering the situational and general determinants of work–family processes.