O aleitamento materno no início da vida, apresenta inúmeros benefícios, garantindo condições ótimas de nutrição e desenvolvimento dos diferentes sistemas do lactente, e benefícios à mãe. Quando a alimentação no peito é interrompida precocemente, por diferentes razões, a criança pode adquirir hábitos bucais deletérios, como o uso da chupeta. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar uma possível associação entre desmame precoce e hábitos bucais deletérios (chupetas, sucção digital, uso de mamadeiras) em um grupo de indivíduos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, observacional, descritivo, quantitativo. Os dados secundários foram coletados de 361 prontuários de crianças de 0 a 2 anos de idade, que ingressaram no Programa da Clínica do Bebê de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (Brasil), de julho de 2015 a julho de 2018. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados no Programa Microsoft Excel, por meio de estatística descritiva, com emprego das frequências absolutas e percentuais, utilizando-se o teste qui-quadrado, nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados não mostraram associação significativa entre o desmame precoce e a idade da mãe, escolaridade, tipo de parto, trabalho da mãe, renda e estado civil. Quanto aos hábitos deletérios, houve uma associação significativa (p=0,00) entre um período menor de amamentação e a aquisição do hábito da chupeta. Também, do uso de mamadeiras (p= 0,00) com o tempo de amamentação, especialmente até 6 meses, e 7 a 12 meses. Assim, este estudo provê informações relevantes para a implementação de novas orientações e práticas às mães por profissionais de saúde, alertando-as sobre o risco do desmame precoce.
This study analyzed the knowledge of medical and law students about the restrictive measures adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications in the fundamental rights of the individuals. A google forms questionnaire was prepared and sent by WhatsApp to medical students and law students. The survey included questions about social isolation and if it violates or not the citizens' and humans' rights. Descriptive statistics were performed, and comparisons between medical and law students were made with chi-square and independent t-tests. A higher percentage of medical students were taken precautionary measures than law students. Internet and TV are the most used to stay up to date. Most medical and law students believed that the restrictive measure of social isolation violates the rights guaranteed to citizens. However, the majority of them believed that the citizens’ rights to life and health should prevail over the citizens’ right to come and go.
Objective This study aimed to compare gingival recession in mandibular anterior teeth in patients with Class III malocclusion, immediately after compensatory or surgical orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods The sample consisted of 40 patients with Class III malocclusion, divided into two groups: Group 1 (compensatory), 20 patients treated with compensatory orthodontics, with a mean initial age of 20.26 years (standard deviation [SD] . = 7.44), mean final age of 23.07 years (SD = 7.32), and mean treatment time of 2.81 years (SD =0.84). Group 2 (surgical), who undergone orthodontic–surgical treatment, with a mean initial age of 23.08 years (SD =5.48), mean final age of 25.43 years (SD =5.12), and mean treatment time of 2.35 years (SD =1.56). Intraoral photographs taken before and after removal of the fixed orthodontic appliance were used to measure the gingival recession, from the cervical of the mandibular incisors from the most cervical point of the gingival margin to the cementoenamel junction. In the initial and final cephalograms, the position of the mandibular incisors was measured. The intergroup comparison was performed using the independent t-test. Results The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the gingival recession at the beginning, at the end, and of changes with treatment between the compensatory and surgical groups. Conclusion It was concluded that the compensatory and surgical orthodontic treatments for Class III malocclusion showed similar results regarding the gingival recession of the mandibular incisors.
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