ReSumeN. La medición de la fracción espirada de óxido nítrico, ha permitido cuantificar indirectamente, de forma rápida y confiable la magnitud de la inflamación de la vía aérea en ciertas enfermedades respiratorias, en especial en pacientes con asma. La sencillez de esta técnica la ha convertido en una herramienta útil en el diagnóstico, control y evaluación del cumplimiento terapéutico en pacientes con asma, entre otros padecimientos. Además, mediante la medición de la fracción espirada de óxido nítrico se pueden prevenir agudizaciones debido a que permite detectar y tratar de forma inmediata los incrementos de la actividad inflamatoria. El propósito de este documento es revisar aspectos prácticos de la medición de la fracción espirada de óxido nítrico utilizando un dispositivo portátil. De igual forma, se desea proveer al clínico de herramientas útiles para la apropiada interpretación de los resultados. Consideramos que la medición de la fracción espirada de óxido nítrico es una prueba subutilizada en la práctica neumológica, y es nuestro interés poner a disposición del lector información resumida y útil.Palabras clave: Óxido nítrico, fracción exhalada de óxido nítrico.AbSTRACT. Measuring the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide makes it possible to quantify «in an indirect, quick and reliable» fashion, the magnitude of airway inflammation in patients with respiratory diseases; especially in cases of asthma. Because of its simplicity, this technique has also become a useful tool for diagnosing, monitoring and evaluating the therapeutic compliance in patients with asthma, among other conditions. In addition, measuring fraction of exhaled nitric oxide can help prevent exacerbations because it allows increases in inflammatory activity to be detected and treated immediately. The purpose of this document is to review practical aspects of the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide-measuring technique using a portable device, and to provide clinical physicians with useful instruments that will aid in achieving correct interpretations of results. We consider the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide-measuring technique to be an underutilized test in current respiratory medicine practice, so our motivation is to make practical, summarized information available to readers.
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