The complex manifestations of COVID-19 include psychiatric symptoms, having multifaceted profiles with varying severity during the acute phase and further during the recovery period. Limited data exist which have analyzed whether there are any age-related differences. A study lot of 89 COVID-19 patients with mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring hospitalization for mental issues provided comparative data from two age groups below and above 60 years. The majority of patients had new onset of a mental issue during COVID-19, 24.7% of the total lot being diagnosed with depressive disorder. The senior patient set had a significantly higher prevalence of sleep disorder vs. the younger study group (53.3 vs. 28.8%), depression (33.3 vs. 10.2%) and cognitive impairment (26.7 vs. 8.5%), while patients <60 years of age had a higher prevalence of hallucinations, delirium and bizarre behavior. Psychiatric manifestations are an important part of the symptomatology of COVID-19, sometimes requiring hospitalization. Age-related neuropsychiatric substrate could explain some of these differences between the two study subgroups. Further data are needed to complete the acute and long-term distinctive profiles of COVID-19-related mental illness in older and younger patients.

(1) Background: As dementia is an incurable, multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, we gathered and analyzed a number of patient characteristics, assessing possible correlations that may support early diagnosis and a more accurate prognosis for cognitively impaired patients. (2) Methods: We used standard clinical parameters (cognitive and functional status, comorbidities, and plasma vitamin D levels) in a study group of 162 patients aged above 55 years old. (3) Results: We reported a higher incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities in patients with severe or moderate cognitive impairment; a validated correlation between functional status, cognitive status, and serum vitamin D levels; and a more frequently associated profile of neurologic comorbidities in patients with a more significant cognitive deficiency. (4) Conclusions: The present research adds data on the significant correlations of cognitive deficits with cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurologic diseases (and the lack of correlation with osteoarticular illness). Clinicians should make the best use of the current screening and assessment tools (such as the functional scoring of daily activities, cognitive evaluation, and the screening of risk factors). Our data may offer starting points for future in-depth analysis of dementia-modifiable risk factors.

(1) Background: Genetic hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is clinically diagnosed. The clinical manifestations and lack of curative therapeutic interventions may lead to mental illnesses, mainly from the depression–anxiety spectrum. (2) Methods: We report the case of a 69-year-old patient diagnosed with HHT and associated psychiatric disorders; a comprehensive literature review was performed based on relevant keywords. (3) Results: Curaçao diagnostic criteria based the HHT diagnosis in our patient case at 63 years old around the surgical interventions for a basal cell carcinoma, after multiple episodes of epistaxis beginning in childhood, but with a long symptom-free period between 20 and 45 years of age. The anxiety–depressive disorder associated with nosocomephobia resulted in a delayed diagnosis and low adherence to medical monitoring. A comprehensive literature review revealed the scarcity of publications analyzing the impact of psychiatric disorders linked to this rare condition, frequently associating behavioral disengagement as a coping strategy, psychological distress, anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. (4) Conclusions: As patients with HHT face traumatic experiences from disease-related causes as well as recurring emergency hospital visits, active monitoring for mental illnesses and psychological support should be considered as part of the initial medical approach and throughout the continuum of care.

Background A convincing body of evidence identifies depression as a risk factor for later life dementia, whereas later life depression should be considered as a prodrome for dementia. COVID‐19 pandemics highly affected elderly, and those suffering from dementia were among the most vulnerable populations to a severe evolution of SARS‐CoV2 infection as well as impacted by social isolation. Method We analyzed the association of depression in a study group of 162 geriatric patients, admitted due to complains of neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms but also to other comorbidities, hospitalized in 2020‐2021 in our Geriatric Clinic after the pandemic was declared. All patients were evaluated using standard Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) scale, Clock‐ Drawing Test (CDT) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Native cerebral CT‐scan imaging was used to assess if any neurobiological changes occurred. Result The incidence of dementia was 72.8% in the study group of 162 consecutive hospital admissions in the geriatric department. Out of the 118 cognitively impaired patients (out of which 9 were previously diagnosed with Alzheimer Disease), 73.7% had associated depression; other prevalent comorbidities in the geriatric lot were cardiovascular, neurologic, metabolic and musculoskeletal disorders. The relative risk of depression associated to dementia was 1.75. The complex relationship linking dementia and depression has also neuropathological underlying mechanisms‐ decreased cortical thickness and white matter loss were associated with both depressive symptoms and impairment of cognitive functions. In our study the majority of the patients (62.3%) presented structural abnormalities of different categories in cerebral CT‐scan imaging. Conclusion This high incidence reported on the association between dementia and depression in geriatric hospitalized patients is in line with the results of other studies, supporting the idea of standardizing a clinical assessment protocol for evaluating both cognitive dysfunction and depression in all elderly patients and monitoring their evolution. COVID‐19 conditions isolating elderly and restricting their access to medical services increased the risk of worsening their cognitive status and mental health. As the effective treatments for dementia remain scarce, clinicians could use a preventive approach by identification of high‐risk individuals ‐ one of the most relevant dementia risk factors being depression.