In this work, discarded glass bottles (GB) and eggshells (ES) were used to produce foam glass designed for thermal insulation. The literature on the thermal conductivity of foam glasses produced with eggshells is sparse. This material was used as pore‐forming agent at 3% and 5% weight fractions to obtain a foam glass with low thermal conductivity. Homogenized powders were uniaxially pressed, and the compacts were fired at three temperatures (800, 850, and 900°C). Raw materials were characterized by chemical analysis and particle size distribution. The foam glasses were characterized by their porosity, phases, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity. The best insulating properties were obtained for the composition containing 5 wt% ES fired at 800°C. This sample displayed a porosity of 91.4% while its thermal conductivity was of 0.037 W/m.K, with a compressive strength of 1.12 ± 0.38 MPa. Crystalline phases were observed in samples fired at 850 and 900°C as a result of the devitrification process. The final properties of the materials are comparable to those of commercial foam glasses obtained from non‐renewable, more expensive raw materials, a great indicator that the studied compositions could be used as an environmentally friendly substitute.
RESUMO Este trabalho tem como foco a produção de espumas vítreas a partir de materiais reciclados, fazendo uso de matéria-prima de fácil acesso local e alta incidência no mercado: garrafas de cerveja não retornáveis e casca de ovo, como agente espumante. Para tanto, investigou-se a influência da temperatura de queima, da granulometria do vidro precursor e do percentual de agente espumante na expansão volumétrica dos corpos cerâmicos. Esses foram formulados com 3% e 5% em massa de agente espumante, utilizando vidros com granulometrias padronizadas por peneiras mesh #100, #200 e #325, conformados em uma prensa uniaxial com 40 MPa. Os corpos de prova foram queimados nas temperaturas de 700 ºC, 800 ºC e 900 ºC com taxa de 2,5 ºC/min. As espumas vítreas foram avaliadas por sua expansão volumétrica, densidade, diâmetros de poros e análise de difração de raios-X (DRX). Verificou-se grande importância da granulometria do vidro e temperatura de queima na formação da fase vítrea ideal para favorecimento da expansão volumétrica das espumas vítreas. O percentual de agente espumante influenciou na expansão, de modo que com 3% de agente espumante se obteve os maiores valores de expansão volumétrica. Fases cristalinas foram observadas nas amostras queimadas a 800 °C e 900 °C como sinal de desvitrificação.
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