The present study investigated the impact of prematurity in the motherhood constellation. Three primiparous mothers - aged between 22 and 31 years old - who had premature babies participated in the research. It is a qualitative research, of multiple case studies, carried out through content analysis, proposed by Bardin (2011). The interviews were analyzed from the interpretative axes of the motherhood constellation according to Stern (1997): life and growth; relate primary; matrix of support and reorganization of identity. It was identified that, the four axes considered normal to all primiparous women, are intensified in mothers of premature babies. The participants reported the fear of the baby's death and the difficulty in establishing an emotional bond with the child, and a support network based on the couple was identified, with the father's role in the maternity growing and a greater investment by the woman as a mother, due to the feeling of guilt for premature birth.