Integration of gasification with CO2 capture using CaO sorbent is proposed as an alternative treatment to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into energy. Aspen Plus process simulator was employed to study the process. Two models were built to represent the non-sorbent and the sorbent-enabled MSW gasification. The model validation against available experimental data shows high accuracy of the simulation result. The effect of CO2 capture using CaO sorbent on the syngas composition and lower heating value (LHV) was observed by comparing the two models, and sensitivity analysis was performed on both models. Several process parameters affecting the syngas composition and LHV were investigated, including CaO/MSW ratio, temperature, equivalence ratio, and steam/MSW ratio. The addition of CaO sorbent for CO2 capture was found to successfully reduce the CO2 content in the syngas, increase the H2 composition, and improve the syngas LHV at the temperature below 750 oC. The maximum H2 composition of 56.67% was obtained from the sorbent-enabled gasification. It was found that increasing equivalence ratio leads to a higher H2 concentration and syngas LHV. Raising steam/MSW ratio also increases the H2 production, but also reduces the LHV of the syngas. Observation of the temperature effect found the highest H2 production at 650 oC for both non-sorbent and sorbent-enabled gasification.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan pembelajaran mata kuliah Teknik Reaksi Kimia 2 di lingkungan PSTK FTI UII. Terdapat dua poin inovasi yang diteliti. Poin pertama adalah pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan metode penyampaian materi yang selama ini cenderung bersifat searah dan kurang melibatkan mahasiswa. Indikator keberhasilan dari poin pertama tersebut adalah tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa serta tingkat ketercapaian atau pemenuhan CPMK. Sedangkan poin inovasi kedua terfokus pada pengembangan metode pembelajaran daring yang efisien secara waktu, mendorong mahasiswa untuk belajar secara mandiri, sekaligus memfasilitasi komunikasi dua arah untuk diskusi dan pemberian umpan balik. Untuk dapat mencapai hal-hal tersebut, pembelajaran akan dilakukan dengan integrasi metode daring sinkron dan asinkron. Kedua metode tersebut bersifat mendukung pengerjaan tugas proyek yang merupakan inti pembelajaran di mata kuliah Teknik Reaksi Kimia 2. Keberhasilan kinerja dari poin inovasi kedua diindikasikan dengan tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh tingkat ketercapaian CPMK sebesar 89%, tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap tugas proyek sebesar 89,3%, dan tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap integrasi metode daring sinkron dan asinkron sebesar 86,9%. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah dicapai, metode pembelajaran ini dapat diterapkan di masa yang akan datang, namun perlu perbaikan dalam hal peningkatan keaktifan mahasiswa dalam tugas kelompok maupun dalam kelas.

This study utilizes ZrO2/Bagasse Fly Ash as a solid catalyst to convert Free Fatty Acid (FFA) from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) into biodiesel. The ZrO2/Bagasse fly ash catalyst was characterized by several physicochemical techniques, i.e., N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescent (XRF). The catalyst was then applied for FFA esterification under different conditions. The highest FFA esterification conversion was 90.6%, which was reached at the optimal reaction condition as follows: methanol/PFAD mass ratio of 10:1; catalyst amount of 10 wt%; and reaction temperature of 60 o C. It was also found that the catalyst could be reused up to four times by an activation process. This study presented the Eley-Rideal kinetic model to describe the reaction mechanism. The model demonstrated an excellent fit to the experimental result with an R 2 value of 0.99, showing that Eley-Rideal is a valid model to describe the reaction and that the surface reaction step acts as the rate-determining step. Additionally, the reaction kinetics and adsorption equilibrium parameters were determined using non-linear regression. The correlation between the parameters with temperature was evaluated using Arrhenius and van't Hoff equations.

With increasing human population, the demand for water as well as energy also increasing. This will lead to global water scarcity and energy crisis, due to limited freshwater resources and decreasing fossil fuel resources. The most potential solution to solve this water-energy problem is by using desalination technology powered by renewable energy like solar energy. This paper reports the design and development of a portable and stand-alone solar-driven desalination system. Due to portability, this system is expected to be transported to anywhere like remote areas. The system consists of three major parts, which are solar-thermal collector, solar photovoltaic (PV) panel, and Vacuum Multi-Effect Membrane Distillation (V-MEMD) unit as the main part of the system. In this paper, a small-scale operation test of the system was carried out and analyzed. The system run successfully for about 7 hours, which started at 09:00 AM. The feedwater used was brackish-water with conductivity of about 2500 μS/cm and the flowrate was maintained at 69 L/h. The system produced distillate/freshwater at average rate of 5.98 L/h. Whereas, the total distillate produced was approximately 34.8 L with conductivity of about Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) of 2.67 mg/L. The distillate flux of the current system was in the range of 3.2 – 5.2 L/m2.h.