No significant correlation between the histology of pterygium and recurrence rate could be established.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction treated with external dacryocystorhinostomy and bicanalicular silicone intubation stenting. Methods:The patients were grouped as follows: Group 1, complicated cases with intubation; Group 2, complicated cases without intubation; Group 3, non-complicated cases with intubation; and Group 4, non-complicated cases without intubation. Cases without epiphora, demonstrated with freeflow lacrimal irrigation, were deemed as successful cases. Failure was defined as lack of any improvement of the symptoms. Complications related to the surgical procedure were also investigated.Results: In total, 223 external dacryocystorhinostomy procedures were performed on 201 patients. In the evaluation of complicated cases, the success rates in Groups 1 (silicone tube stenting group) and 2 (non-stenting group) were 90.9% and 77.8%, respectively (p<0.05). In the evaluation of non-complicated cases, the success rates in Groups 3 (silicone tube stenting group) and 4 (non-stenting group) were seen to be 96.2% and 98.9%, respectively (p>0.05). In 15 (13.8%) out of 108 cases who had had bicanalicular silicone tube intubation, stent displacement was observed. Lower and upper punctal synechiae developed in 1 of 6 cases with punctal complications. In 14 failed cases, successful results were obtained with external DCR and bicanalicular silicone stent intubation.Conclusion: Stenting in complicated cases increases the success rates of dacryocystorhinostomy significantly. However, we detected that in complicated cases, especially in the absence of anterior flaps, stenting does not increase success rates, contrary to posterior flap loss. No effect of stenting in non-complicated cases on surgical success rates could be demonstrated. (JAREM 2014; 4: 88-92) Key Words: Dacryocystorhinostomy, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, stenting, bicanalicular silicone intubation, complicated, non-complicated ÖZET Amaç: Bikanaliküler silikon tüp entubasyonunun (BSE), Eksternal dakrisistorinostomi (Eksternal DSR) ameliyatlarının başarısındaki etkinliğini değerlen-dirmek.Yöntemler: Nazolakrimal kanal tıkanıklığı nedeniyle Eksternal DSR uygulanan 201 hastanın 223 gözü sonuçları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Olgular 1. Grup; komplike + silikon stent konan (n: 55 göz), 2. Grup; komplike olup silikon stent konmayan (n: 27 göz), 3. Grup; nonkomplike + silikon stent konan (n: 53 göz) ve 4. Grup; nonkomplike olup silikon stent konmayan (n: 88 göz) olmak üzere dört gruba ayrıldı. Lakrimal kesesi küçük veya yapışıklıkları olan, lipidollu grafide dolma defekti olan, peroperatif flep yokluğu olan ve nüks olgular komplike olarak kabul edildi. Eksternal DSR ameliyatları Dupuy-Dutemps tekniğine uygun olarak yapıldı. Silikon stentler 2. ayda çekildi. Takiplerde epifora varlığı sorgulanıp lakrimal irrigasyon yapıldı. Ortalama takip süresi 1,7 yıl idi (6 ay-3 yıl).Bulgular: Hastaların 129'u kadın, 72'si erkekti. Yaş ortalaması 51.3 (9-73) idi. Komplike olguları aldığımız birinci grupta...

Diabetes mellitus is a multisystemic metabolic disorder that may affect the eyes, kidneys, vessels, and heart. Chronic hyperglycemia causes non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and elevation of the polyol pathway resulting in oxidative stress that damages organs. The current study aimed to investigate the dose-dependent effects of orally consumed Rosa damascena Mill. hydrosol on hematology, clinical biochemistry, lens enzymatic activity, and lens pathology in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced into male Sprague–Dawley rats by intraperitoneal administration of STZ (40 mg/kg body weight). Rose hydrosols containing 1515 mg/L and 500 mg/L total volatiles (expressed as citronellol) were introduced to rats orally for 45 days. Consumption of 1515 mg/L volatile containing rose hydrosol successfully ameliorated hematologic, hepatic, and renal functions. Hydrosols also attenuated hyperglycemia and decreased the advanced glycation end-product formation in a dose-dependent manner. Rose hydrosol components significantly increased the lens enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase and decreased the activity of aldose reductase to prevent cataractogenesis. Histopathological examinations of rat lenses also indicated that increasing the dose of rose hydrosol had a protective effect on lenses in diabetic conditions. Additionally, in silico modeling of aldose reductase inhibition with rose hydrosol volatiles was carried out for extrapolating the current study to humans. The present results suggest that rose hydrosol exerts significant protective properties in diabetes mellitus and has no toxic effect on all studied systems in healthy test groups.

Purpose To describe a novel method for the treatment of refractory macular holes. Methods Two case reports on the use of autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF), followed by sulfur hexafluoride gas tamponade to facilitate closure of refractory macular holes. Results Macular holes were succesfully closed within a week in both cases. Best corrected Snellen visual acuities improved from counting fingers to 0.16 in the first case, and from 0.05 to 0.2 in the second case. No complication occurred during or after the procedures. Conclusion The use of autologous PRF seems to be a safe and effective alternative method for the treatment of refractory macular holes. Further experience and studies are required to assess the value of autologous PRF in the management of challenging macular hole cases of different etiologies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first use of autologous PRF in the treatment of macular holes.

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