One of the successes of black pepper production is influenced by the use of healthy and good quality black pepper seedlings. Black pepper nurseries are directed to produce quality black pepper seedlings with a faster seeding time. The research aims to determine the growth of pepper cuttings due to shade and auxin treatment. The study was conducted in Jerora I village, Sintang district, in August-December 2018. The study used a split-plot model research design. The main plot was shade (shade 25% (n1) and shade 75% (n2)) and subplots in the form of auxin hormone treatment (ho as control, (h1) 1% synthetic IAA, (h2) onion extract, and (h3) sprout extract using pepper cuttings using pepper cuttings. 3 sections and shading treatment using paranet. The administration of auxin treatment is done by immersing the tip of cuttings for 3 hours, pepper cuttings are placed in a lid to keep moisture in. The results showed that the percentage of cutting growth at 75% shade was higher than the shade of 25% IAA hormone use. can increase plant height at the beginning of growth, number of leaves and root dry weight. The origin of IAA used from natural ingredients is better than the synthetic type as evidenced by the results of the application of the sprouts extract, namely producing a root dry weight of 0.42 g, and a root shoot ratio of 0.61%. Increased growth due to IAA growth is better if placed in a darker shade that is 75% paranet shade.

Spinach required relatively high Nitrogen to grow it in less fertile fields. The use of free living N-fixing bacteria were expected to facilitate N supply to the crop. The research aims was to characterized of N-fixing bacterial isolates and its role to spinach germination. The exploration of bacterial isolates, were collected from wild spinach roots using LG and Ashby media. Bacterial isolates which were obtained, then being characterized based on its ability to dissolve P and produced indole compounds in Picovskaya and TSB media respectively, enriched with tryptophan. Superior isolates were used in the spinach germination test. Germination test using the UDK method in merang paper. The variables measured in this study were normal seedling, seedling vigor, root length, and height of normal seedling. The isolation results obtained 16 isolates that can fix N, 3 isolates (12BH3, 13BH4 and 1BH4) were higher in dissolving P and capable to produce indole compounds. Isolates 12BH3, 13BH3 and commercial isolates were used in the germination test. Test result showed that the bacteria can increase the N fixation, and high normal seedling sprouts.

Penggunaan benih bermutu rendah dengan viabilitas dan vigor yang rendah akan menghasilkan produktivitas yang rendah. Untuk benih yang sudah mengalami kemunduran perlu dilakukan peningkatan vigor benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih padi yang mengalami penurunan kualitas melalui perlakuan hidrasi dengan cara direndam di dalam larutan mikroba fungsional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2019 di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tanjungpura dan UPT PSB Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktor tunggal dengan empat ulangan. Faktor yang diuji adalah perlakuan perendaman benih dalam larutan mikroba fungsional yang terdiri dari 12 perlakuan, dengan daya kecambah benih: 93% (kontrol tanpa isolat), 93% + 4A isolat, 75 % (kontrol tanpa isolat), 75% + isolat WH24, 75% + isolat WH31C, 75% + 4A isolat, 75% + IAA, 63% (kontrol tanpa isolat), 63% + isolat WH24, 63% + isolat WH31C, 63% + 4A isolat, dan 63% + IAA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan invigorasi menggunakan larutan mikroba fungsional mampu meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih padi yang telah mengalami kemunduran (daya berkecambah 75%), dan bahkan dapat menyamai viabilitas dan vigor benih bermutu dengan daya berkecambah 93%. Perendaman dalam larutan isolat 4A pada benih padi dengan daya berkecambah 75% adalah perlakuan terbaik dalam meningkatkan indek vigor dengan nilai yang lebih tinggi yaitu 81,5%, dibandingkan dengan benih kontrol 93% yaitu sebesar 65,5%.

Padi (Oryza sativa) adalah tanaman pangan yang rentan terserang oleh serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman. Hawar malai yang bakteri Burkholderia glumae dapat menghambat perkecambahan benih, busuk bibit, rebah bibit, busuk pelepah, pembungaan steril, dan busuk bulir. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui serangan patogen penyebab penyakit hawar bakteri bulir padi yang terjadi di Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi survei di lapangan dan pengambilan sampel padi secara acak. Sampel padi diisolasi menggunakan media King’s B dan media selektif CCNT. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan gejala yang menunjukkan tanaman itu terserang oleh bakteri Burkholderia glumae akan menunjukkan gejala seperti hitam kecoklatan, bulir hampa dan pada bagian daun akan kemerahan di bagian tepi yang dikelilingi warna kuning seperti hawar pada daun. Tidak semua isolat bakteri yang digoresi walaupun dapat menginfeksi tanaman tetapi dari 11 isolat ternyata 2 isolat yang terkonfirmasi sebagai B.glumae hanya isolat kode BGKP 1 dan BGKR 5 yang diuji pada padi varietas Ciherang.Kata kunci : tanaman padi, Burkholderia glumae, hawar bakteri malai padi