Background: asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with a considerable prevalence and unfavorable impacts on various body systems. The natural history of asthma has been extensively investigated in terms of the varied effects on age and gender. Aim of the study: this study aims to achieve a better understanding of the unclear relationship between bronchial asthma and pubertal delay in the pediatric age group. Methods: we reviewed the scientific literature concerned with studying the effect of asthma and its treatment on the growth of children and the onset of puberty using some international medical databases (Medline, Google scholar, EMBASE). Conclusion: Although there have been some community-based surveys and studies based on young children which failed to find an association between asthma and growth, others revealed that asthma can cause growth retardation through different mechanisms, including hypoxia, impaired lung functions, or endocrine malfunctions. Pubertal delay is also observed in untreated asthmatic boys and girls. In addition, inhaled corticosteroids, the best available treatment of asthma, were found also to have an effect on pubertal delay and this effect is dependent on the dose, duration and the outcome of therapy. When concentrating on pubertal delay, it seems that more longitudinal studies are required to comprehensively investigate the effects of asthma and its treatment on this vital stage of life.

Iron deficiency (ID) is a common deficit of the particular nutrient in the body and the top-ranking cause of anemia worldwide. It is a common cause of morbidity and accounts for 50% of anemia cases in the world. Symptoms of iron deficiency are subtle and nonspecific including severe anemia, fatigue, diminished work, gastrointestinal disturbances, associated with the impaired natural type of immunity and the cell-mediated type of immunity. Therefore, differentiating the term iron deficiency and the other term infection is essential. The process by which the microbes acquires iron supplement and the respectful virulence can be identified by the application of the different type of host mechanisms and also different microbial mechanisms, thus interfering with these respective mechanisms is likely to create the future therapy forms for the bacterial diseases that are infectious. In this review article, we summarized the mechanism of iron metabolism in the body, the characteristics of iron deficiency anemia, symptoms, epidemiology and etiology, host mechanism during bacterial infection, and the susceptibility to bacterial invasion in case of iron deficiency anemia.