Objective: There is limited and contradictory information about pulmonary perfusion changes detected with dual energy computed tomography (DECT) in COVID-19 cases. The purpose of this study was to define lung perfusion changes in COVID-19 cases with DECT, as well as to reveal any possible links between perfusion changes and laboratory findings. Methods: Patients who had a positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and a contrast-enhanced chest DECT examination were included in the study. The pattern and severity of perfusion deficits were evaluated, as well as the relationships between perfusion deficit severity and laboratory results and CT severity ratings. The paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Student’s t-test were used to examine the changes in variables and perfusion deficits. p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: Study population consisted of 40 patients. Mean age was 60.73 ± 14.73 years. All of the patients had perfusion deficits at DECT images. Mean perfusion deficit severity score of the population was 8.45 ± 4.66 (min.-max, 1–19). In 24 patients (60%), perfusion deficits and parenchymal lesions matched completely. In 15 patients (37.5%), there was partial match. D dimer, CRP levels, CT severity score, and perfusion deficit severity score all had a positive correlation Conclusions: Perfusion deficits are seen not only in opacification areas but also in parenchyma of normal appearance. The CT severity score, CRP, D-dimer, and SpO2 levels of the patients were determined to be related with perfusion deficit severity. Advances in knowledge: Findings of the current study may confirm the presence of micro-thrombosis in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Sinonasal teratoid carcinosarcoma or teratocarcinoma is an extremely rare aggressive tumour. It usually arises in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In this study, the authors described magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography findings from a patient with sinonasal teratocarcinoma. Computed tomography of the sinonasal teratoid carcinosarcoma can mimic paranasal fungal infections. Magnetic resonance imaging is a very useful tool for making a differential diagnosis between the sinonasal teratoid carcinosarcoma and paranasal sinusitis.

Objective: Although meningococcal infections are most feared infectious diseases due to their high mortality and the possibility of leading to epidemics, there is no common practice for vaccination yet. In this study, we aimed to determine the level of knowledge about meningococcal infection and vaccination, and the attitude towards meningococcal vaccination among pediatricians. Material and Methods: Participants were administered a 41-question survey, investigating the demographic properties, the knowledge on the meningococcal infection-vaccination and attitudes towards vaccination. Results: The study enrolled a total of 169 participants (73 pediatrics specialists and 96 pediatric residents). Of the participants, 22.7% responded that meningococci (Neisseria meningitidis) was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis, while 99.1% of the participants agreed that the only reservoir in meningococcal infections was human, and 98.2% were contagious droplets. Participants stated that effective methods for protection from meningococcal infection were vaccination (81.1%), droplet isolation (66.3%), contact isolation (62.8%) and postcontact chemoprophylaxis (59.1%). While 40.7% of the participants reported that meningococcal vaccine recommended to all patients, 56.8% recommend to patients in the risk group, and 2.5% of respondents never suggested vaccination.

Osteopetrosis is a clinical syndrome characterized by the failure of osteoclasts to resorb bone. Excessive bone density can interfere with vital tissues and structures, causing serious problems of the body. Hematopoietic insufficiency, disturbed tooth eruption, nerve entrapment syndromes, and growth impairment may develop in a patient with osteopetrosis. Herein, we present an adolescent girl diagnosed with non-infantile type of osteopetrosis with rare complications of the disease like mandibular osteomyelitis and portal hypertension (PHT) without liver cirrhosis. To our knowledge, this is the first pediatric case with osteopetrosis related PHT.

Kafa travmaları çocuk acil servislere başvurunun en sık nedenlerinden biridir ve mortalite ve morbiditenin önemli bir nedenidir. Kafa travmalı hastalarda bilgisayarlı beyin tomografisi (BBT) travmatik beyin hasarını belirlemede altın standart tanı yöntemidir. Ancak BBT'nin radyasyon riski ve çekilebilmesi için çocuklarda sedasyon gerekliliği nedeniyle yol açabileceği zararlar göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız hafif kafa travmalı çocuklarda BBT'nin gerekliliğini tartışmaktır.